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The Moscow Kremlin, sometimes referred to as simply The Kremlin, is a historic fortified complex at the heart of Moscow, overlooking the Moskva River (to the south), Saint Basil’s Cathedral and Red Square (to the east) and the Alexander Garden (to the west). It is the best known of kremlins (Russian citadels) and includes four palaces, four cathedrals and the enclosing Kremlin Wall with Kremlin towers. The complex serves as the official residence of the President of Russia.
Kremlin redirects here. For the type of Russian fortress, see Kremlin (fortification). For other uses, see Kremlin (disambiguation).
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Moscow KremlinRussian: Моско́вский КремльLocation Moscow, RussiaCoordinates 55°45′6″N 37°37′4″ECoordinates: 55°45′6″N 37°37′4″EArea 27.7 hectares (0.277 km2)Built 1482–1495UNESCO World Heritage SiteOfficial name: Kremlin and Red Square, MoscowType CulturalCriteria i, ii, iv, viDesignated 1990 (14th session)Reference no. 545State Party RussiaRegion Eastern EuropeMoscow Kremlin is located in Central MoscowMoscow KremlinLocation in Central MoscowThe Moscow Kremlin (Russian: Моско́вский Кремль, tr. Moskovskiy Kreml, IPA: [mɐˈskofskʲɪj krʲemlʲ]), usually referred to as the Kremlin, is a fortified complex at the heart of Moscow, overlooking the Moskva River to the south, Saint Basil's Cathedral and Red Square to the east, and the Alexander Garden to the west. It is the best known of the kremlins (Russian citadels) and includes five palaces, four cathedrals, and the enclosing Kremlin Wall with Kremlin towers. Also within this complex is the Grand Kremlin Palace that was formerly the tsar's Moscow residence. The complex now serves as the official residence of the President of the Russian Federation and as a museum with 2,746,405 visitors in 2017.
The name Kremlin means fortress inside a city,[1] and is often also used metonymically to refer to the government of the Russian Federation in a similar sense to how White House is used to refer to the Executive Office of the President of the United States. It had previously been used to refer to the government of the Soviet Union (1922–1991) and its highest members (such as general secretaries, premiers, presidents, ministers, and commissars). The term Kremlinology refers to the study of Soviet and Russian politics.
