The Multipurpose Aerospace System (MAKS) is a project using the air launch method of a two-stage space complex, which consists of a carrier aircraft (An—225 Mriya) and an orbiting rocket-powered spacecraft (kosmoplan), called an orbital aircraft. An orbital rocket plane can be either manned or unmanned. In the first case, it is installed together with a disposable external fuel tank. In the second case, tanks with fuel and oxidizer components are placed inside the rocket plane. A variant of the system also allows for the installation of a single-use cargo rocket stage with cryogenic fuel and oxidizer components instead of a reusable orbital aircraft.