High-quality 3D assets at affordable prices — trusted by designers, engineers, and creators worldwide. Made with care to be versatile, accessible, and ready for your pipeline.
Included File Formats
This model is provided in 14 widely supported formats, ensuring maximum compatibility:
• - FBX (.fbx) – Standard format for most 3D software and pipelines
• - OBJ + MTL (.obj, .mtl) – Wavefront format, widely used and compatible
• - STL (.stl) – Exported mesh geometry; may be suitable for 3D printing with adjustments
• - STEP (.step, .stp) – CAD format using NURBS surfaces
• - IGES (.iges, .igs) – Common format for CAD/CAM and engineering workflows (NURBS)
• - SAT (.sat) – ACIS solid model format (NURBS)
• - DAE (.dae) – Collada format for 3D applications and animations
• - glTF (.glb) – Modern, lightweight format for web, AR, and real-time engines
• - 3DS (.3ds) – Legacy format with broad software support
• - 3ds Max (.max) – Provided for 3ds Max users
• - Blender (.blend) – Provided for Blender users
• - SketchUp (.skp) – Compatible with all SketchUp versions
• - AutoCAD (.dwg) – Suitable for technical and architectural workflows
• - Rhino (.3dm) – Provided for Rhino users
Model Info
• - All files are checked and tested for integrity and correct content
• - Geometry uses real-world scale; model resolution varies depending on the product (high or low poly)
• • - Scene setup and mesh structure may vary depending on model complexity
• - Rendered using Luxion KeyShot
• - Affordable price with professional detailing
Buy with confidence. Quality and compatibility guaranteed.
If you have any questions about the file formats, feel free to send us a message — we're happy to assist you!
Sincerely,
SURF3D
Trusted source for professional and affordable 3D models.
More Information About 3D Model :
A photovoltaic (PV) system leverages solar energy, converting incident sunlight directly into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. This process represents a cornerstone of renewable energy generation, utilizing an abundant and inexhaustible natural resource—the Sun. The system is architecturally hierarchical, comprising fundamental units that aggregate into progressively larger and more powerful assemblies: cells, modules, and arrays.
At its most basic level is the photovoltaic cell, commonly referred to as a solar cell. This device is typically composed of semiconductor materials, predominantly crystalline silicon (monocrystalline or polycrystalline), though thin-film technologies (e.g., CIGS, CdTe, amorphous silicon) are also utilized. The core principle involves the absorption of photons from sunlight by the semiconductor material, which excites electrons, leading to the generation of electron-hole pairs. A built-in electric field, established by a p-n junction within the cell, separates these charge carriers, driving electrons towards one electrode and holes towards the other. This charge separation creates an electrical potential difference, or voltage, across the cell, and when connected to an external circuit, a direct current (DC) flows. A single solar cell typically produces a small amount of power, with a voltage of approximately 0.5 to 0.7 volts.
To achieve practical voltage and current levels, multiple solar cells are electrically interconnected, usually in series, and then encapsulated within a protective laminate to form a solar module, often interchangeably termed a solar panel. This encapsulation is critical for protecting the delicate cells from environmental stressors such as moisture, dust, impacts, and temperature fluctuations. A typical module construction includes a transparent, impact-resistant front layer (commonly tempered glass), an encapsulant material (e.g., ethylene-vinyl acetate or EVA) to bond the cells to the front and back layers, the interconnected solar cells themselves, and a weather-resistant backsheet (e.g., Tedlar) which provides electrical insulation and protection. An aluminum frame typically encloses these layers, providing structural integrity and facilitating mounting. Modules are rated by their peak power output under standard test conditions (STC), typically ranging from a few watts to over 600 watts for utility-scale applications.
For larger-scale power generation, multiple solar modules are electrically connected and mounted together to form a solar array. Modules within an array can be connected in series to increase the overall voltage, or in parallel to increase the overall current, or a combination of both to achieve the desired system voltage and current characteristics. The physical structure supporting the modules is known as a racking system, which can be fixed-tilt, adjustable, or utilize tracking mechanisms to follow the sun's path throughout the day, optimizing energy capture. Solar arrays are scaled to meet diverse energy demands, ranging from small residential rooftop installations to large-scale, ground-mounted solar farms that supply electricity to national grids. Beyond the modules, a complete PV array system includes balance-of-system components such as inverters (to convert DC to usable AC electricity), wiring, combiner boxes, monitoring systems, and safety disconnects.
As a renewable energy source, photovoltaic technology offers substantial environmental benefits. It produces electricity without emitting greenhouse gases, air pollutants, or generating radioactive waste during operation. The primary input, sun energy, is a free and clean resource, making PV systems a vital component in global efforts to mitigate climate change, enhance energy security, and foster sustainable development.
KEYWORDS: Photovoltaic, Solar Cell, Solar Module, Solar Panel, Solar Array, Renewable Energy, Sun Energy, Semiconductor, P-N Junction, Photovoltaic Effect, Silicon, Crystalline, Thin-Film, DC Power, AC Power, Inverter, Grid-tied, Off-grid, Encapsulation, EVA, Tempered Glass, Racking System, Energy Conversion, Sustainable, Clean Energy, Climate Change Mitigation, Electron-hole Pair, Photon, Direct Current, Voltage.
