This is a bronze human head statue from the Shang Dynasty, unearthed at the Sanxingdui Ruins in Guanghan, Sichuan. As one of the core cultural relics of the ancient Shu civilization, most of these statues were excavated from sacrificial pits and served as ritual objects used by the ancient Shu people in their sacrificial activities.Its design is highly recognizable: it features protruding eyes (with the outer corners upturned), a high nose, broad ears, and a downward-curled mouth, exuding a solemn and majestic facial expression. Some of the heads are adorned with headgear (such as flat-topped crowns with hui-patterned carvings) or gold masks, which symbolize different status levels (e.g., priests and royal family members).These bronze human heads were crafted using the techniques of segmental casting and mold casting. Their necks are in an inverted triangular shape—originally intended to be inserted into bodies made of wood or clay. These statues not only demonstrate the superb bronze-casting technology of the ancient Shu civilization but also reflect the ancient Shu people’s religious belief in the unity of humans and gods and their theocratic political system. They stand as key material evidence for interpreting the early civilization in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.