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The HESA Shahed 285 (Persian: شاهد ۲۸۵) is a light attack and reconnaissance helicopter developed by Iran, first unveiled to the public on May 24, 2009. Manufactured by the Iran Aviation Industries Organization (IAIO), the Shahed 285 was designed to enhance Iran's capabilities in light attack, reconnaissance, and maritime operations. The aircraft is based on the Panha Shabaviz 2061, an unlicensed Iranian copy of the Bell 206B JetRanger, which itself is a civilian helicopter widely used for light transport and training. The Shabaviz 2061 was Iran's version of the Bell 206, and it was adapted for military use with modifications for armed reconnaissance.
The Shahed 285 takes these adaptations further by integrating a wide range of military systems, transforming it into a fully capable light attack and reconnaissance platform. The helicopter is equipped with hardpoints for carrying weapons such as rocket pods, machine guns, and possibly guided missiles. The design emphasizes versatility, with the aircraft able to conduct a variety of missions, including close air support, surveillance, and reconnaissance, making it a valuable asset for the Iranian military.
There are two primary variants of the Shahed 285: the AH-85A and the AH-85C. The AH-85A is a land-based variant designed for light attack and reconnaissance operations on land. It is equipped with surveillance and targeting systems that allow it to operate effectively in both daylight and nighttime conditions. Its role would primarily involve providing aerial support to ground forces, conducting surveillance missions, and attacking enemy targets with precision munitions. On the other hand, the AH-85C variant is adapted for maritime operations. It is equipped with specialized systems for anti-ship missions, such as maritime surveillance radars and possibly anti-ship missiles. The AH-85C would be tasked with patrolling the coastal areas of Iran, performing reconnaissance, and providing support for naval operations by detecting and engaging maritime targets.
The Shahed 285 is a significant step in Iran’s military self-sufficiency, particularly in the field of aviation. It reflects the country’s ongoing efforts to reverse-engineer and improve upon foreign technologies to produce locally designed military hardware. The development of the Shahed 285 is also part of Iran's broader strategy to create a more diversified and resilient military force, capable of responding to a wide range of threats across both land and sea.
Despite its introduction in 2009, the Shahed 285 has not yet seen significant combat use. While it has entered service with the Iranian military, there is little evidence to suggest that it has been involved in any major conflicts. This lack of combat experience means that its operational effectiveness, particularly in real-world scenarios, remains uncertain. Nonetheless, the Shahed 285's role in Iran's military forces represents a key component in the country's strategy to build an indigenous, self-reliant military, able to meet its defense needs despite ongoing international sanctions.
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