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Save development time and costs, make prototype experiences or use 3D models as placeholders in your project. To find models that render predictably in various engines, use the PBR filter next to the search bar.\n","free_to_premium":{"prefix":"Do you need something special? 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Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture\nMain article: Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution\nBritish textile industry\n\nWeaving with handlooms from William Hogarth's Industry and Idleness in 1747\nIn 1750, Britain imported 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton, most of which was spun and woven by the cottage industry in Lancashire. The work was done by hand in workers'","imageAlt":"oil rig 3D model","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/oil-rig-3d-model","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/a210qw1p3g3sc5okx3o4zdxmoidp/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/a210qw1p3g3sc5okx3o4zdxmoidp/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/oil-rig-3d-model","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7223207/b27a295d85/oil-rig-3d-model-3d-model-b27a295d85.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"2945386","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":2945386,"title":"Old Furniture - Interior Cabin ","price":7.99,"description":"3D Low-poly Game Assets modeled in Maya and textured in Substance Painter, ready for games.\n\n- Bed - 502 Verts\n- Stove - 960 Verts\n- Chair 1 - 88 Verts\n- Chair 1 - 164 Verts\n- Chair 3 - 80 Verts\n- Cabinet - 1356 Verts (all drawers and doors are separate, you can open or close them)\n- Table - 72 Verts\n- Firewood for stove - 18 Verts\n- Flashlight -270 Verts\n- Candle - 320 Verts\n- Map - 110 Verts\n- Painting - 16 Verts\n- Carpet - 8 Verts\n- Metal Plank - 8 Verts\n- Shelf - 24 Verts\n\n- All texture packed into a zip file\n- Textures - .png\n- Rendered in Substance Painter\n- File formats: .OBJ .FBX .ma\n- 2k textures\n- Base Color\n- Normal\n- Packed Occlusion Roughness Metallic","imageAlt":"Old Furniture - Interior Cabin 3D model","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/interior/other/old-furniture-interior-cabin","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/APASMpfSRAznqWFvUhNHV4Jc/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/Pic1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/APASMpfSRAznqWFvUhNHV4Jc/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/Pic1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/interior/other/old-furniture-interior-cabin","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":11,"name":".ma","is_native":true},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"interior","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Interior","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/2945386/92e324d240/old-furniture-interior-cabin-3d-model-92e324d240.webp","saleOffDiscount":50,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"7218722","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7218722,"title":" old steel factory 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"he Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture\nMain article: Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution\nBritish textile industry\n\nWeaving with handlooms from William Hogarth's Industry and Idleness in 1747\nIn 1750, Britain imported 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton, most of which was spun and woven by the cottage industry in Lancashire. The work was done by hand in workers' homes or master weavers' shops. Wages were six times those in India in 1770 when productivity in Britain was three times higher.[35] In 1787, raw cotton consumption was 22 million pounds, most of which was cleaned, carded, and spun on machines.[7]: 41–42  The British textile industry used 52 million pounds of cotton in 1800, and 588 million pounds in 1850.[36]\n\nThe share of value added by the cotton industry in Britain was 2.6% in 1760, 17% in 1801, and 22% in 1831. Value added by the woollen industry was 14% in 1801. Cotton factories numbered about 900 in 1797. In 1760, approximately one-third of cotton cloth manufactured was exported, rising to two-thirds by 1800. In 1781, cotton spun amounted to 5 million pounds, which increased to 56 million pounds by 1800. In 1800, less than 0.1% of world cotton cloth was produced on machinery invented in Britain. In 1788, there were 50,000 spindles in Britain, rising to 7 million over the next 30 years.[35]\n\nWool\nThe earliest European attempts at mechanised spinning were with wool; however, wool spinning proved more difficult to mechanise than cotton. Productivity improvement in wool spinning during the Industrial Revolution was significant, but less than cotton.[7][37]\n\nSilk\n\nJohn Lombe's silk mill site today in Derby, rebuilt as Derby Silk Mill\nArguably the first highly mechanised factory was John Lombe's water-powered silk mill at Derby, operational by 1721. Lombe learned silk thread manufacturing by taking a job in Italy and acting as an industrial spy; however, because the Italian silk industry guarded its secrets, the state of the industry at that time is unknown. Although Lombe's factory was technically successful, the supply of raw silk from Italy was cut off to eliminate competition. To promote manufacturing, the Crown paid for models of Lombe's machinery which were exhibited in the Tower of London.[38][39]\n","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-steel-factory-3d-model","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/7pirl1pqipqnb281j949mrasd2yh/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/7pirl1pqipqnb281j949mrasd2yh/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-steel-factory-3d-model","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7218722/81a79d91ed/old-steel-factory-3d-model-3d-model-81a79d91ed.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"926663","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":926663,"title":"Industrial Chimney ","price":7.0,"description":"SmokeStack 3D Model\n\n**Blender** Format (With Correct Shading  network)   You can see at the ScreenShot.   \n\n\nTransformations are At **0.0.0** (scene origin)  \n **Non-Overlapping**  \n **Please** Copy\\Paste all Textures in Textures Folder , In same location of the Main File\n\n\n\u003e \n- **Objects Name** : \"S _Smoke _Stack _01\"\n- **Material Name** : \"M _Smoke _Stack _01\"\n\n**Textures** : 4096\\2048\\1024 **PNG**\n\n- T _SmokeStack _ 01 _Base _Color\n- T _SmokeStack  _01 _Ambient _occlusion  \n- T _ SmokeStack _ 01 _Metallic \n- T _SmokeStack _ 01 _Roughness \n- T _SmokeStack _01 _Normal _DirectX\n- T _SmokeStack _01 _Normal \n- T _SmokeStack _01 _Height\n\n**Formats**:  \n\n\u003e - 3Ds Max 2014\n- Maya 2013 \n- FBX 2006\\2011\\2016   \n- OBJ   \n- 3DS  \n- DAE\n- DWG2010\n- STL\n\n.\nIf You need any assist about my models   \n Like: Custom/Additional Marks and Logo(at no cost)) Textures and Repairing Model(UVs.Names of Meshes/Textures/Material/Pivots and..feel free :) \n\n","imageAlt":"Industrial Chimney 3D asset low-poly","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/industrial-exterior/smokestack","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/wULThnjqjmeT3mFeEgV6XUrs/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/industrial-chimney-pbr-game-ready-3d-model-low-poly-max-obj-mtl-3ds-fbx-ma-mb-stl.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/wULThnjqjmeT3mFeEgV6XUrs/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/industrial-chimney-pbr-game-ready-3d-model-low-poly-max-obj-mtl-3ds-fbx-ma-mb-stl.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/industrial-exterior/smokestack","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":17,"name":".max","is_native":false},{"id":11,"name":".ma","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":4,"name":".dwg","is_native":false},{"id":117,"name":".gltf","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"exterior","subcategorySlug":"industrial-exterior","categoryTitle":"Exterior","subcategoryTitle":"Industrial","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/926663/c60614db6e/industrial-chimney-3d-model-c60614db6e.webp","saleOffDiscount":30,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"6271631","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":6271631,"title":"Modular Industrial Refinery in Japan  ","price":299.0,"description":"This is a complete, highly detailed modular industrial environment.\nThe environments shown in previews are all included.\n\nThe design this was inspired by Kawasaki factory area structures that are popular for night scenery cruises in Japan. \nIt is now possible to create this environment with using these assets.\n\n**Features:**\n- 142 unique static meshes with many of them being modular assets.\n- PBR texture workflow with most of the assets having 4K textures.\n- Game ready collisions.\n- Asset overlay map\n- Demo map as seen in renders\n- Baked lighting map showcasing UV quality of the assets.\n- Perfect for cinematics, virtual production or studio use, can also be used in games, and VR.\n\n**Contents:**\n- Pipes, tanks, structural frames, trussing, chimneys, flare stacks.\n- Small industrial props such as barrels, pallettes, industrial waste containers, catwalks, airducts.\n- Ground and fence elements.\n- Several highly detailed industrial machines with high quality.\n- Modular fence elements are high poly geometry designed for nanite, individual links being modeled as geometry, not opacity texture.\n- Most of the assets are ready for lightmap baking. Bake-ready static lighting map is included.\n\n**Technical Details**\n- Professional quality hand created assets with clean UVs. This allows clean lightmap bakes.\n- Master materials with parametrized adjustments.\n- Collisions included.\n- Vertex animated industrial fans included, as well as blinking tower lights.\n\nFile formats included:\n- Unreal Engine 5.4.4 project file. \n- Please note that lightmap cache is not included, to conserve bandwidth. But the lightmap bake was tested.\n\nNote:\n- Interiors of the structures are not included.\n- Although there is no particular issue using the assets for games, it should be noted that these are more designed to be used for cinematics or purely visual assets. ","imageAlt":"3D asset Modular Industrial Refinery in Japan","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/modular-industrial-refinery-in-japan","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/hdbm87cnr6w9slcoef5jfyutfao5/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/HighresScreenshot00000.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/hdbm87cnr6w9slcoef5jfyutfao5/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/HighresScreenshot00000.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/modular-industrial-refinery-in-japan","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":96,"name":".uasset","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/6271631/aaa5727832/modular-industrial-refinery-in-japan-3d-model-aaa5727832.webp","saleOffDiscount":40,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7216344","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7216344,"title":"old demolished factory 3D model ","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture\nMain article: Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution\nBritish textile industry\n\nWeaving with handlooms from William Hogarth's Industry and Idleness in 1747\nIn 1750, Britain imported 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton, most of which was spun and woven by the cottage industry in Lancashire. The work was done by hand in workers' homes or master weavers' shops. Wages were six times those in India in 1770 when productivity in Britain was three times higher.[35] In 1787, raw cotton consumption was 22 million pounds, most of which was cleaned, carded, and spun on machines.[7]: 41–42  The British textile industry used 52 million pounds of cotton in 1800, and 588 million pounds in 1850.[36]\n\nThe share of value added by the cotton industry in Britain was 2.6% in 1760, 17% in 1801, and 22% in 1831. Value added by the woollen industry was 14% in 1801. Cotton factories numbered about 900 in 1797. In 1760, approximately one-third of cotton cloth manufactured was exported, rising to two-thirds by 1800. In 1781, cotton spun amounted to 5 million pounds, which increased to 56 million pounds by 1800. In 1800, less than 0.1% of world cotton cloth was produced on machinery invented in Britain. In 1788, there were 50,000 spindles in Britain, rising to 7 million over the next 30 years.[35]\n\nWool\nThe earliest European attempts at mechanised spinning were with wool; however, wool spinning proved more difficult to mechanise than cotton. Productivity improvement in wool spinning during the Industrial Revolution was significant, but less than cotton.[7][37]\n\nSilk\n\n","imageAlt":"old demolished factory 3D model","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-1acaf692-fc33-42ba-b702-31f186f0eaee","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/6p85qogq3ticshxkmkwxru6zzejn/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/6p85qogq3ticshxkmkwxru6zzejn/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-1acaf692-fc33-42ba-b702-31f186f0eaee","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7216344/eb4d252f63/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3d-model-eb4d252f63.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"6275605","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":6275605,"title":"Power and Energy assets collection","price":15.0,"description":"**Content**\n\nThis asset pack contains various 3D buildings and props in a Blender 4.5 \u0026 FBX file. They are intended for pre-calculated renders to depict power stations and energy industry facilities.\n\nAssets have a parent node if necessary.  If you are looking for rigged generators have a look at my https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/landscape/blender-solar-power-plant-generator\n\nand https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/engineering/blender-solar-power-tower-generator\n\nMost objects are fairly low-poly, so they can easily be edited to obtain a different result. Half objects comes with UVs. Shaders are mixed procedural and textures for concrete, metal, rust and glass. All maps are included in the packed file. \n\n\n\n**Clean Assets**\n\nThese assets have proper hierarchy, centers, transforms and naming. Clean topology, no fancy stuff, no subdivision. All deformers and operators have been applied. It makes them suitable for real-time engines. \nThe global scene polycount is 360K vertices, 700k triangles, half of it being the gravitationnal storage tower that is quite detailled. \n\n\n**About this project:**\n\nThese assets were made for a personnal project, the Shared World. In this not-so-distant future, the General AI (GAI) industry had merged data and energy grids together. This in order to supply the egregious amount of power it needs to administrate most of human society. \nCheck my Patreon page for more: : https://www.patreon.com/collection/277135?view=expanded Consider subscribing if you want to support my creation endeavour. \n","imageAlt":"Power and Energy assets 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Refinery 100 Objects Kitbash Pack","price":79.0,"description":"This Industrial Refinery Power Plant Kitbash Pack \n\ndelivers a massive, highly detailed industrial \n\ncomplex built for film, game, and visualization \n\nenvironments requiring realistic large-scale industrial architecture. \n\nPerfect for background set dressing,\n\n establishing shots, post-apocalyptic scenes, \n\nsci-fi environments, or any project needing a fully \n\nrealized factory/refinery setting.\n\nWhat's Included:\n\nThe pack contains 100 individual elements \n\ncovering every part of a working industrial facility \n\n— large cylindrical storage tanks and silos of varying heights,\n\n smaller conical-bottom silos, multiple corrugated\n\n-metal roofed buildings, tall smokestacks and chimneys,\n\n elevated conveyor belt systems with steel gantry supports,\n\nconnecting catwalks and sky bridges, \n\nmulti-level access staircases and platforms, \n\nrooftop mechanical equipment (fans, vents, HVAC units), \n\nextensive pipe racks and piping networks, safety railings, \n\nladders, and small greeble details like tanks,\nvalves, and junction boxes.\n\nTechnical Specifications:\n\nTotal Objects: 100\n\nVertices: 2,885,561\n\nEdges: 3,120,450\n\nFaces: 1,916,321\n\nTriangles: 3,832,642\n\nModeling method: Hard surface kitbashing\n\nClean topology suitable for close-up \n\nand mid-range rendering\n\nRealistic proportions based on real-world industrial reference\n\nIdeal Uses:\n\nGame environment art, film/TV background plates, \n\narchitectural visualization, matte painting bases, \n\nvirtual production backdrops, concept art references, \n\nand any large-scale industrial or sci-fi scene requiring authentic factory detail.\n\nFile Formats:\n\nFBX, OBJ, GLB, BLEND\n\nNotes:\n\nDue to the high object count and detail level,\n\n this pack is optimized for background and mid-distance use. \n\nFor hero/close-up shots, individual sections can \nbe selected and detail-enhanced as 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Stone Burnt and Burning Fireplace","price":8.0,"description":"Available formats are .max .fbx .obj .3ds .stl .dae all are available inside the .7z file.\n\nCHECK OUT MY PROFILE BANNER IN MY PROFILE FOR DISCOUNT CODE!\n\n8 Available textures:\n- Burnt wood Albedo(512x512)\n- Burning Coal(1024x1024)\n- Rock texture(1024x1024)\n- Cobblestone Albedo,AO,Height,normal,Roughness(1024x1024) \n\nThere are 4 meshes available:\n- Burnt Fireplace 1 : 236 polys, 498 tris, 260 verts\t\n- Burnt Fireplace 2 : 160 polys, 338 tris, 180 verts\n- Burning Fireplace 1 : 236 polys, 498 tris, 260 verts\n- Burning Fireplace 2 : 160 polys, 338 tris, 180 verts\n\nCentered at (0,0,0) Origin.\n\nThe models do not have UCX collision.\n\nModels have been tested in Unreal Engine.\n\nPlease contact me for any questions.\n","imageAlt":"3D asset Medieval Stone Burnt and 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Forge Furnace","price":14.99,"description":"**Medieval Forge Furnace 3D Model**\n\n\nThis is a low poly, high details production ready PBR 3d model\n\n\nModel is modelled in Blender, textured in Substance Painter, rendered in Blender Cycle Render Engine\n\n\n\n\n**Below you find a list of the contents**\n\n\n**Files:**\n\n\n- Blender, Cycles 4.3+ ( Textured )\n- FBX ( Textured )\n- OBJ ( Mesh Only )\n- USD ( Textured )\n\n\n**Statistics:**\n\n\n- Objects - 7\n- Triangles - 2536\n- Vertices - 1272\n\n\n\n\n**Textures:**\n\n\nAll textures come in single texture set 4096 X 4096\n\n\n- BaseColor\n- Normal GL\n- Normal DX\n- Roughness - PBR Metal/Roughness Workflow\n- Metalness - PBR Metal/Roughness Workflow\n- Height\n\n\n**\"We value your feedback! Please take a moment to share your thoughts and leave a comment !\"**\n\n\n**Thank You**\n","imageAlt":"3D asset Medieval Forge Furnace","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/industrial-machine/medieval-forge-furnace","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/oc4xfqkfnoitqcudigbf2h2j2w1j/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/MFF_CGT.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/oc4xfqkfnoitqcudigbf2h2j2w1j/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/MFF_CGT.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/industrial-machine/medieval-forge-furnace","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":207,"name":".usd","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"industrial-machine","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Machine","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/6671068/c688269e33/medieval-forge-furnace-3d-model-c688269e33.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":true,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"6131480","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":6131480,"title":"Industrial Chimney Pack ","price":59.0,"description":"Here is a a pack of detailed industrial chimneys. 7 unique meshes with 4K textures.\n\nBlender and Maya source files are included with mostly quad topology. Blender source file has all PBR materials setup as Principled Shaders. Maya has only Basecolor maps.\nMarmoset Toolbag file is also included for easy preview, mesh checking.\n\nMostly non-overlapping unique UVs. Overlapping UVs were used where it saved UV space.\n\nThe assets are mostly designed to be visual props or background assets for environments. Although these can be used as game assets in actual levels, they may not be most optimized for games where player needs to go extremely close to them. \n\nA full Unreal Engine project file is included with master material and material instances for each asset.  \n\nIncluded are also Substance Painter source files for easy editing of materials.\n\n**Geometry**\n1. -  SM_BG_Tower_Medium 123,025 Triangles, 112,167 Vertices\n2. - SM_Chimney001 - 45,206 Triangles, 60,622 Vertices\n3. - SM_Chimney002 - 42,101 Triangles, 42,010 Vertices\n4. - SM_Chimney003 - 81,849 Triangles, 81,849 Vertices\n5. - SM_Chimney004 - 208,218 Triangles, 172,256 Vertices\n6. - SM_Chimney005 - 309,158 Triangles, 185,302 Vertices\n7. - SM_Chimney006 - 1,494 Triangles, 1467 Vertices\n\n**Textures**\n- Basecolor 4096x4096\n- Normal 4096x4096 \n- Roughness 4096x4096\n- Metallic 4096x4096\n- ORM 4096x4096 (Occlusion,Roughness,Metallic RGB Packed Format for UE)","imageAlt":"Industrial Chimney Pack 3D asset low-poly","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/industrial-exterior/industrial-chimney-pack","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/vwplqb3h521r00xut410v14a8pwn/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/render01.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/vwplqb3h521r00xut410v14a8pwn/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/render01.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/industrial-exterior/industrial-chimney-pack","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":11,"name":".ma","is_native":false},{"id":101,"name":".spp","is_native":false},{"id":96,"name":".uasset","is_native":false},{"id":137,"name":".tbscene","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"exterior","subcategorySlug":"industrial-exterior","categoryTitle":"Exterior","subcategoryTitle":"Industrial","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/6131480/5acc0135b8/industrial-chimney-pack-3d-model-5acc0135b8.webp","saleOffDiscount":40,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"795541","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":795541,"title":"Old Stove Low Poly PBR","price":18.19,"description":"3D model of Old Stove.\n\nProduct's features: \n\n- Resolution of textures:\n: 4096x4096\n- Originally created with 3ds Max 2014 \n- Textured created with Substance Painter\n- Unit system is set to centimeter. Model is built to real-world scale \n\n-Texture Set:\nDiffuse, AO, Base Color, Glossiness, Heigh, Metalic, Normal, Roughness, Reflection, Specular\nFor both 3d Game engine : Unity and Unreal.\n\n- Previews rendered in Substance Painter IRay (PBR Material)\n- Textures Tested in Mormoset Toolbag\n\nBest for VR or Games Environment\nAll elements (models, textures, maps etc) have a logical names.\n\nThe original format is 3ds Max. There is also a scene to FBX, 3ds, obj conversion,","imageAlt":"3D model Old Stove Low Poly PBR","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/decoration/old-stove-low-poly-pbr","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/vHh1mdDVRdHJ6CXFPa4fDghg/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/old-stove-low-poly-pbr-3d-model-low-poly-max-obj-3ds-fbx-mtl.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/vHh1mdDVRdHJ6CXFPa4fDghg/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/old-stove-low-poly-pbr-3d-model-low-poly-max-obj-3ds-fbx-mtl.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/decoration/old-stove-low-poly-pbr","isCgtVerified":true,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":17,"name":".max","is_native":false},{"id":117,"name":".gltf","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"architectural","subcategorySlug":"decoration","categoryTitle":"Architectural","subcategoryTitle":"Decoration","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/795541/e29ee698e5/old-stove-low-poly-pbr-3d-model-e29ee698e5.webp","saleOffDiscount":50,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"306265","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":306265,"title":"Marble Fireplace","price":9.99,"description":"Detailed Description Info:\n\nModel: Fireplace\n\u003cbr\u003e\nMedia Type: 3D Model \n\u003cbr\u003e\nGeometry: Quads/Tris \n\u003cbr\u003e\nPolygon Count: 5687\n\u003cbr\u003e\nVertice Count: 6254\n\u003cbr\u003e\nTextures: Yes \n\u003cbr\u003e\nMaterials: Yes \n\u003cbr\u003e\nRigged: No \n\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimated: No \n\u003cbr\u003e\nUV Mapped: Yes \n\u003cbr\u003e\nUnwrapped UV's: Yes Non-Overlapping\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nImages rendered with the supplied Blender Cycles project file\n\u003cbr\u003e\nProject Includes metalness, roughness, diffuse, normal and AO maps to setup your own PBR renders as required\n\u003cbr\u003e\nEasy to setup for rendering with mental ray, vray or UE4 using the supplied FBX file\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nFeatures: \n- High quality polygonal model - correctly scaled accurate representation of the original objects. \n- Model resolutions are optimized for polygon efficiency. \n- All colors can be easily modified. \n- Model is fully textured with all materials applied. \n- All textures and materials are included and mapped in every format. \n- Autodesk Maya models grouped for easy selection \u0026 objects are logically named for ease of scene management. \n- No namespace issues when importing several models into a scene. \n- No cleaning up necessary, just drop model into your scene and start rendering. \n- No special plugin needed to open scene.\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nFile formats: \n- Autodesk Maya Mb Scene \n- FBX (Multi Format) \n- Keyshot 4.2\n\nEvery model has been checked with the required software.\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nTextures formats:\n\nTIFF\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nWarning: Depending on which software package you are using, the exchange formats (.obj, .3ds and .fbx) may not match the preview images exactly. Due to the nature of these formats there may be some textures that have to be loaded by hand and possibly triangulated geometry.\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nFor other models be sure to check out our entire catalog on CG Trader!","imageAlt":"Marble Fireplace 3D asset","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/fixture/marbl-93365053-ccba-4268-968c-bfc58b5eda20","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/h9vcdk6JZZYM3Ru4L3BLYWUv/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/4.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/h9vcdk6JZZYM3Ru4L3BLYWUv/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/4.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/fixture/marbl-93365053-ccba-4268-968c-bfc58b5eda20","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":11,"name":".ma","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"architectural","subcategorySlug":"fixture","categoryTitle":"Architectural","subcategoryTitle":"Fixture","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/306265/263a1a0fdf/marble-fireplace-3d-model-263a1a0fdf.webp","saleOffDiscount":50,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"627716","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":627716,"title":"Luxury Mansion House","price":39.0,"description":"\u003cp\u003eThis is the real-world-size model of Luxury Mansion House made by the professional architect. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e- Building dimensions: 25m x 22m x 15m\n- Units used: Centimeters\n- Originally created with 3ds Max 2011 \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eLEVEL OF DETAIL and USAGE\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e- This model is suitable for different purpose - realtime and game use, Unity, UE4, CGI exterior visualization and architecture\n- 161.220  polygons\n- 100.832  vertices\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eGEOMETRY\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e- The models mesh is high quality, with clean edge flow. \n- Geometry is carefully tested for holes, flipped normals and overlapping polygons.\n- The mesh is low-poly, allows you to easily build up the additional details, edit geometry.\n- All similar objects are Instances - easy change or replace\n- Shell Modifier applied and disabled for glass objects. \n- Scene objects are organized by layers\n  \nPRESENTATION IMAGES\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e- All preview images are rendered with 3.20 V-Ray. \n- VRayLightMtl dome sky and VRayCamera are included - a product is ready to render out-of-the-box.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMATERIALS\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e- This model contains both V-Ray and Standard materials.\n- JPG and PNG textures come in the separate archive.","imageAlt":"3D model Luxury Mansion House","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/house/mansion-house-8825b8b4-1d9a-4c78-b46f-4cd3d6bc1373","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/98hXsc16QHteLejBM8r1cgdy/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/luxury-mansion-house-3d-model-low-poly-max-obj-mtl-3ds-fbx.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/98hXsc16QHteLejBM8r1cgdy/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/luxury-mansion-house-3d-model-low-poly-max-obj-mtl-3ds-fbx.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/house/mansion-house-8825b8b4-1d9a-4c78-b46f-4cd3d6bc1373","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":17,"name":".max","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"exterior","subcategorySlug":"house","categoryTitle":"Exterior","subcategoryTitle":"House","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/627716/e76e1de33c/luxury-mansion-house-3d-model-e76e1de33c.webp","saleOffDiscount":50,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"5052789","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":5052789,"title":"Fireplace Tool Set ","price":4.99,"description":"Fireplace Tool Set 3D Model. This model contains the Fireplace Tool Set itself \n \nAll modeled in Maya, textured with Substance Painter.\n\nThe model was built to scale and is UV unwrapped properly. Contains a 4K texture set \n\n\n \n⦁\t10044 tris. \n\n⦁\tContains: .FBX .OBJ and .DAE\n\n⦁\tModel has clean topology. No Ngons.\n\n⦁\tBuilt to scale\n\n⦁\tUnwrapped UV Map\n\n⦁\t4K Texture set\n\n⦁\tHigh quality details\n\n⦁\tBased on real life references\n\n⦁\tRenders done in Marmoset Toolbag\n\n\n\nPolycount: \n\nVerts 5065\n\nEdges 10141 \n\nFaces 5091\n\nTris 10044\n\n\nIf you have any questions please feel free to ask me.\n\n","imageAlt":"3D model Fireplace Tool Set","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/various/various-models/fireplace-tool-set-c23a8898-98e2-4a6d-9112-c77f547d6ecf","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/YvXbXcvHMehjXXhqCKR4Kf5o/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/Thumbnail_Template.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/YvXbXcvHMehjXXhqCKR4Kf5o/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/Thumbnail_Template.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/various/various-models/fireplace-tool-set-c23a8898-98e2-4a6d-9112-c77f547d6ecf","isCgtVerified":true,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":117,"name":".gltf","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"various","subcategorySlug":"various-models","categoryTitle":"Various","subcategoryTitle":"Various models","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/5052789/d22d98d879/fireplace-tool-set-3d-model-d22d98d879.webp","saleOffDiscount":30,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":true,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"5936242","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":5936242,"title":"Roof Vent 11","price":15.0,"description":"\nA highly detailed 3D model of Roof Vent .very high detail and realistic . tre texture resulattion 1K 2K 4k set is provided . 3ds max and maya files have applied with V-Ray materials . blender have applied with PBR materials .\n\n\nFile Formats: -Maya 2019 V-ray -3ds Max 2019 V-ray -Blender 3 -FbX -OBJ\nProvided Maps : BaseColor ,Height ,Metalness ,Normal ,Roughness ,OpacityTextures is presented in a .zip file.\n\nThis model is not printable.\n\n\nIf you need other models, feel free to message me!\n\nTry Before You Buy – Download Our Free Sample!\n\n\n\nNOTE: \nDo not under any circumstances share these files for free or commercially!\n\n\n","imageAlt":"Roof Vent 11 3D model","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/house/roof-vent-11","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/c7gtq3xfh104st0qqfzjngvcxt9e/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/CG%20010.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/c7gtq3xfh104st0qqfzjngvcxt9e/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/CG%20010.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/house/roof-vent-11","isCgtVerified":true,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":false},{"id":11,"name":".ma","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":219,"name":".exr","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":17,"name":".max","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"exterior","subcategorySlug":"house","categoryTitle":"Exterior","subcategoryTitle":"House","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/5936242/49d42ae7b8/roof-vent-11-3d-model-49d42ae7b8.webp","saleOffDiscount":30,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"2555075","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":2555075,"title":"House with interior - For Village or Forest ","price":24.9,"description":"This is low-poly game asset for first-person games or third view.\nThis is old house can be used for modern, horror or any other game scene. 4K and 2K textures/18 materials.\n\nFeatures: \n- Real World Scale Measurements \n- 4K textures / 2K textures\n- Textures created by 3d and traditional artists \n- 18 materials\n\nTextures for all modern engines. 4K (4096x4096) or 2K(2048x2048) .png and .jpg textures:\n- Unreal Engine 4 ( BaseColor/AO_R_M/Normal)\n- Unity URP (Metallic standard)(AlbedoTransparency/MetallicSmoothness/Normal) \n- Unity URP (Specular)(AlbedoTransparency/SpecularSmoothness/Normal) \n- Unity HDRP (Metallic standard)(BaseMap/MaskMap/Normal)\n- Unity HDRP (Specular)(BaseMap/Specular/MaskMap/Normal)\n- Cry Engine (DiffuseOpacity/Specular/NormalGlossiness)\n- PBR MetalRoughSpecGloss (BaseColorOpacity/DiffuseOpacity/Roughness/Glossiness/Metallic/ Specular/Normal/Height/AO/Emissive)\n- GLTF  (BaseColor/MetallicRoughness/Normal)\n\nMade with love","imageAlt":"House with interior - 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Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture\nMain article: Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution\nBritish textile industry\n\nWeaving with handlooms from William Hogarth's Industry and Idleness in 1747\nIn 1750, Britain imported 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton, most of which was spun and woven by the cottage industry in Lancashire. The work was done by hand in workers' homes or master weavers' shops. Wages were six times those in India in 1770 when productivity in Britain was three times higher.[35] In 1787, raw cotton consumption was 22 million pounds, most of which was cleaned, carded, and spun on machines.[7]: 41–42  The British textile industry used 52 million pounds of cotton in 1800, and 588 million pounds in 1850.[36]\n\nThe share of value added by the cotton industry in Britain was 2.6% in 1760, 17% in 1801, and 22% in 1831. Value added by the woollen industry was 14% in 1801. Cotton factories numbered about 900 in 1797. In 1760, approximately one-third of cotton cloth manufactured was exported, rising to two-thirds by 1800. In 1781, cotton spun amounted to 5 million pounds, which increased to 56 million pounds by 1800. In 1800, less than 0.1% of world cotton cloth was produced on machinery invented in Britain. In 1788, there were 50,000 spindles in Britain, rising to 7 million over the next 30 years.[35]\n\nWool\nThe earliest European attempts at mechanised spinning were with wool; however, wool spinning proved more difficult to mechanise than cotton. Productivity improvement in wool spinning during the Industrial Revolution was significant, but less than cotton.[7][37]","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-396b61b9-a6a5-4a92-98d8-f4ec1fb0dd7e","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/tcgguphxwcc1sujg1af5bnpjg3sk/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/tcgguphxwcc1sujg1af5bnpjg3sk/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-396b61b9-a6a5-4a92-98d8-f4ec1fb0dd7e","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7216698/9d549abd3d/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3d-model-9d549abd3d.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7222809","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7222809,"title":"old demolished factory 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-8398489f-88ad-4e8b-b9c5-557462106ad4","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/uxv6tjfok4tul7r81svll7tzkigo/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/uxv6tjfok4tul7r81svll7tzkigo/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-8398489f-88ad-4e8b-b9c5-557462106ad4","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7222809/6c7055536c/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3d-model-6c7055536c.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"4246109","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":4246109,"title":"Medieval Chimney Prison Roof Castle Floor","price":14.0,"description":"Game ready model .The model contains lods, detailed information on the images.Stylized and detailed Medieval Chimney Prison Roof  fully textured, sculpted and rendered with Physical based rendering (PBR) - Shown images have been rendered in Marmoset Toolbag .\n\nHigh Quality textures (PBR).\n\nTextures 4096x4096 (tga) (3 UV Maps)\n\n- Metallic\n- Normal (DirectX)\n- Color\n- Roughness\n- AO\n\nPolycount(Medieval Chimney Prison Roof)\n- Verts: 1164(LOD0),1091(LOD1),1074(LOD2).\n- Edges: 1788(LOD0),1705(LOD1),1572(LOD2).\n- Faces: 846(LOD0),833(LOD1),643(LOD2).\n- Tris: 1632(LOD0),1513(LOD1),1258(LOD2).\n\nFile formats: -Fbx(Binary) 2020 -Fbx(ASCII) 2020 -Maya 2022","imageAlt":"Medieval Chimney Prison Roof Castle Floor 3D model","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/floor/medieval-chimney-prison-roof-castle-floor","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/gANbQ5tJsJL4W5rZqWSJfJya/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/Prison-Roof-2-With-Ventilation1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/gANbQ5tJsJL4W5rZqWSJfJya/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/Prison-Roof-2-With-Ventilation1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/floor/medieval-chimney-prison-roof-castle-floor","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":11,"name":".ma","is_native":true},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":117,"name":".gltf","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"architectural","subcategorySlug":"floor","categoryTitle":"Architectural","subcategoryTitle":"Floor","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/4246109/7c31d60ce9/medieval-chimney-prison-roof-castle-floor-3d-model-7c31d60ce9.webp","saleOffDiscount":30,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"2058180","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":2058180,"title":"Rooftop pack - 17 Pieces","price":10.0,"description":"The model has no textures or materials but the parts are on separate objects, so you can assign your own materials easily.\n\nIn the details we added the polycount considering all the pieces.\n\nPolycount:\n\n- **Piece 1:** 554 polys, 564 verts.\n- **Piece 2:** 616 polys, 680 verts.\n- **Piece 3:** 269 polys, 364 verts.\n- **Piece 4:** 327 polys, 388 verts.\n- **Piece 5:** 674 polys, 768 verts.\n- **Piece 6:** 2728 polys, 2876 verts.\n- **Piece 7:** 1468 polys, 1544 verts.\n- **Piece 8:** 1692 polys, 1644 verts.\n- **Piece 9:** 1574 polys, 1690 verts.\n- **Piece 10:** 1488 polys, 1692 verts.\n- **Piece 11:** 569 polys, 664 verts.\n- **Piece 12:** 452 polys, 524 verts.\n- **Piece 13:** 604 polys, 728 verts.\n- **Piece 14:** 1237 polys, 1336 verts.\n- **Piece 15:** 1367 polys, 1476 verts.\n- **Piece 16:** 1989 polys, 2080 verts.\n- **Piece 17:** 956 polys, 1128 verts.\n","imageAlt":"Rooftop pack - 17 Pieces 3D asset","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/street-exterior/rooftop-pack-13-pieces","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/jvwZTrwGjsDc7FxSLV45Mykj/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/Rooftop_assets.1966.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/jvwZTrwGjsDc7FxSLV45Mykj/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/Rooftop_assets.1966.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/street-exterior/rooftop-pack-13-pieces","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"exterior","subcategorySlug":"street-exterior","categoryTitle":"Exterior","subcategoryTitle":"Street","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/2058180/bb2971e83a/rooftop-pack-17-pieces-3d-model-bb2971e83a.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"2771120","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":2771120,"title":"Aluminium Rooftop Elements PACK","price":23.1,"description":"3D model of Aluminium Rooftop Elements \u003cbr\u003e\nResolution of textures: : 4096x4096\u003cbr\u003e\nOriginally created with 3ds Max 2017\u003cbr\u003e\n Textured created with Substance Painter\u003cbr\u003e\n Unit system is set to centimeter. \u003cbr\u003e\nModel is built to real-world scale\u003cbr\u003e\n -Texture Set: Diffuse, AO, Base Color, Glossiness, Metalic, Normal, Roughness, Specular\n\nPreviews rendered in Vray\u003cbr\u003e\n Special notes:\n\n.fbx format is recommended for import in other 3d software. If your software doesn't support .fbx format, \u003cbr\u003eplease use .3ds format; .obj, format was exported from 3ds Max. The geometry for .obj format is set to quads.","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/other/aluminium-rooftop-elements-pack","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/ZeDasBW4QSCF5WLHo9tTMFpj/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/Miniature_cg_trader.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/ZeDasBW4QSCF5WLHo9tTMFpj/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/Miniature_cg_trader.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/other/aluminium-rooftop-elements-pack","isCgtVerified":true,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":17,"name":".max","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":117,"name":".gltf","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"architectural","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Architectural","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/2771120/9fabf91123/aluminium-rooftop-elements-pack-3d-model-9fabf91123.webp","saleOffDiscount":50,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"7212570","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7212570,"title":"old space observatory 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture\nMain article: Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution\nBritish textile industry\n\nWeaving with handlooms from William Hogarth's Industry and Idleness in 1747\nIn 1750, Britain imported 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton, most of which was spun and woven by the cottage industry in Lancashire. The work was done by hand in workers' homes or master weavers' shops. Wages were six times those in India in 1770 when productivity in Britain was three times higher.[35] In 1787, raw cotton consumption was 22 million pounds, most of which was cleaned, carded, and spun on machines.[7]: 41–42  The British textile industry used 52 million pounds of cotton in 1800, and 588 million pounds in 1850.[36]\n\nThe share of value added by the cotton industry in Britain was 2.6% in 1760, 17% in 1801, and 22% in 1831. Value added by the woollen industry was 14% in 1801. Cotton factories numbered about 900 in 1797. In 1760, approximately one-third of cotton cloth manufactured was exported, rising to two-thirds by 1800. In 1781, cotton spun amounted to 5 million pounds, which increased to 56 million pounds by 1800. In 1800, less than 0.1% of world cotton cloth was produced on machinery invented in Britain. In 1788, there were 50,000 spindles in Britain, rising to 7 million over the next 30 years.[35]\n\nWool\nThe earliest European attempts at mechanised spinning were with wool; however, wool spinning proved more difficult to mechanise than cotton. Productivity improvement in wool spinning during the Industrial Revolution was significant, but less than cotton.[7][37]\n\nSilk\n\nJohn Lombe's silk mill site today in Derby, rebuilt as Derby Silk Mill\nArguably the first highly mechanised factory was John Lombe's water-powered silk mill at Derby, operational by 1721. Lombe learned silk thread manufacturing by taking a job in Italy and acting as an industrial spy; however, because the Italian silk industry guarded its secrets, the state of the industry at that time is unknown. Although Lombe's factory was technically successful, the supply of raw silk from Italy was cut off to eliminate competition. To promote manufacturing, the Crown paid for models of Lombe's machinery which were exhibited in the Tower of London.[38][39]\n\n","imageAlt":"old space observatory 3D model","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/other/old-space-observatory-3d-model","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/lx3i3wuw6fx6lxnapk7huo9htl4m/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/lx3i3wuw6fx6lxnapk7huo9htl4m/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/other/old-space-observatory-3d-model","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"architectural","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Architectural","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7212570/063c512247/old-space-observatory-3d-model-3d-model-063c512247.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7213001","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7213001,"title":" Large scrap metal satellite antenna 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"Uydu çanağı, radyo dalgaları yoluyla bir iletişim uydusundan bilgi almak veya ona bilgi iletmek için tasarlanmış, çanak şeklinde parabolik bir anten türüdür . Bu terim en yaygın olarak , jeostasyonel yörüngedeki bir doğrudan yayın uydusundan doğrudan yayın uydu televizyonu alan bir çanak anteni ifade eder .\n\nTarih\nParabolik veya \"çanak\" antenler, ilk yapay uydunun 1957'de fırlatılmasından çok önce, radyo teleskopları (1937'den itibaren) ve askeri amaçlarla (II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında) uçak takibi için kullanılıyordu.\n\nUydu çanağı terimi , uydu televizyon endüstrisinin başlangıcında, 1978 yılında ortaya atılmış ve iletişim uydularından sinyal gönderen ve/veya alan çanak antenleri ifade etmek için kullanılmıştır. Kaliforniya, San Andreas'tan Taylor Howard , 1976 yılında eski bir askeri çanağı uyarlayarak, onu kullanarak uydu televizyon sinyallerini alan ilk kişi olmuştur. [ 1 ]\n\nİlk uydu televizyon antenleri, C-band analog sinyallerini almak için yapılmıştı ve çok büyüktü. 1979 Neiman-Marcus Noel kataloğunun ön kapağında satışa sunulan ilk ev tipi uydu TV istasyonları yer alıyordu. [ 2 ] Antenlerin çapı yaklaşık 20 fit (6,1 m) idi. [ 3 ] 1980'lerin başlarındaki uydu antenleri 10 ila 16 fit (3,0 ila 4,9 m) çapındaydı [ 4 ] ve içine tel örgü veya alüminyum folyo tabakası yerleştirilmiş fiberglastan veya katı alüminyum veya çelikten yapılmıştı . [ 5 ]\n\nTel örgüden yapılmış uydu antenleri ilk olarak 1980'lerin başında ortaya çıktı ve başlangıçta 3,0 m çapındaydı. Ön uç teknolojisi geliştikçe ve LNB'lerin gürültü oranı düştükçe, boyut birkaç yıl sonra 2,4 m'ye kadar küçüldü ve 1980'lerin sonlarında 1,8 m'ye ve 1990'ların başlarında 1,2 m'ye kadar küçülmeye devam etti. [ 6 ] Bununla birlikte, daha büyük antenler kullanılmaya devam etti. [ 6 ] Aralık 1988'de Lüksemburg'un Astra 1A uydusu, Avrupa pazarı için Ku bandında analog televizyon sinyalleri iletmeye başladı . [ 7 ] Bu , küçük antenlerin (90 cm) ilk kez güvenilir bir şekilde kullanılmasına olanak sağladı. [ 7 ]\n\n1990'ların başlarında, dört büyük Amerikan kablo şirketi , orta güçteki uyduları kullanan doğrudan yayın şirketi PrimeStar'ı kurdu. [ 8 ] Nispeten güçlü Ku bandı iletimleri, ilk kez 90 cm kadar küçük çanak antenlerin kullanılmasına olanak sağladı. [ 8 ] 4 Mart 1996'da EchoStar , Digital Sky Highway'i ( Dish Network ) tanıttı . [ 9 ] Bu, yaygın olarak kullanılan ilk doğrudan yayın uydu televizyon sistemiydi ve 20 inç (51 cm) kadar küçük çanak antenlerin kullanılmasına izin verdi. Çanak anten boyutundaki bu büyük azalma, uydu çanak antenlerinin araçlara monte edilmesine de olanak sağladı. [ 10 ] Bu boyuttaki çanak antenler bugün hala kullanılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, televizyon istasyonları, C bandı sinyallerinin Ku bandı sinyallerine göre yağmurdan daha az etkilenmesi nedeniyle, sinyallerini büyük çanak antenlerle C bandında iletmeyi hala tercih etmektedir . [ 11 ]\n\nÇalışma prensibi\n\nParabolik antenlerde kullanılan yansıma prensiplerinin şematik gösterimi\nÇanak antenin parabolik şekli , sinyali çanağın odak noktasına yansıtır . Çanağın odak noktasındaki braketlere monte edilmiş bir cihaza besleme boynuzu denir. Bu besleme boynuzu, esasen odak noktasında veya yakınında sinyalleri toplayan ve bunları düşük gürültülü bir blok aşağı dönüştürücüye veya LNB'ye 'iletken' olan bir dalga kılavuzunun ön ucudur . LNB, sinyalleri elektromanyetik veya radyo dalgalarından elektrik sinyallerine dönüştürür ve sinyalleri aşağı bağlantılı C bandından ve/veya Ku bandından L bandı aralığına kaydırır . Doğrudan yayın yapan uydu çanak antenleri, besleme boynuzunu LNB ile entegre eden bir LNBF kullanır. Yönlendirilmiş parabolik çanak anten kullanmayan ve araç gibi mobil bir platformda kullanılabilen yeni bir çok yönlü uydu anteni türü, 2004 yılında Waterloo Üniversitesi tarafından duyuruldu. [ 12 ]\n\nBir uydu anteninin teorik kazancı ( yönsel kazanç ), frekans arttıkça artar. Gerçek kazanç, yüzey kalitesi, şekil doğruluğu ve anten uyumu gibi birçok faktöre bağlıdır. 11,75 GHz'de tipik bir tüketici tipi 60 cm uydu anteni için değer 37,50 dB'dir.\n\nÖrneğin C bandı gibi daha düşük frekanslarda, çanak anten tasarımcılarının malzeme seçimi daha geniştir. Düşük frekanslar için gereken büyük çanak anten boyutu, çanak antenlerin metal bir çerçeve üzerine metal ağdan yapılmasına yol açmıştır. Daha yüksek frekanslarda ise ağ tipi tasarımlar daha nadirdir, ancak bazı tasarımlarda delikli katı çanak anten kullanılmıştır.\n\nYaygın bir yanılgı, çanak antenin önündeki cihaz olan LNBF'nin (düşük gürültülü blok/besleme boynuzu) sinyali doğrudan atmosferden aldığıdır. Örneğin, bir BBC Haber bağlantısı, \"kırmızı sinyalin\" çanak antene ışınlanmak yerine doğrudan LNBF tarafından alındığını göstermektedir; oysa parabolik şekli nedeniyle çanak anten sinyali daha küçük bir alanda toplar ve LNBF'ye iletir. [ 13 ]\n\nEv televizyonu kullanımı için tasarlanmış modern çanak antenler genellikle 43 cm (18 inç) ila 80 cm (31 inç) çapındadır ve tek bir yörünge konumundan Ku-bandı alımı için tek bir pozisyona sabitlenmiştir. Doğrudan yayın yapan uydu hizmetlerinin varlığından önce, ev kullanıcıları genellikle farklı uydulardan kanalları almak için 3 metreye kadar çapta motorlu bir C-bandı çanak anten kullanırlardı. Ancak, çok küçük çanak antenler yine de yağmur nedeniyle sinyal zayıflaması ve bitişik uydulardan kaynaklanan parazit gibi sorunlara neden olabilir.\n\nAvrupa\nAvrupa'da , DBS hizmetleri tarafından kullanılan frekanslar , H (Yatay) ve V (Dikey) olmak üzere iki polarizasyonda 10,7–12,75 GHz aralığındadır. Bu aralık, 10,7–11,7 GHz'lik bir \"düşük bant\" ve 11,7–12,75 GHz'lik bir \"yüksek bant\" olarak ikiye ayrılır. Bu, her biri yaklaşık 1 GHz bant genişliğine ve iki olası polarizasyona sahip iki frekans bandı ile sonuçlanır. LNB'de bunlar 950–2150 MHz'e düşürülür; bu, LNBF ile alıcı arasındaki koaksiyel kabloda uydu hizmeti için ayrılan frekans aralığıdır. Daha düşük frekanslar kablolu ve karasal TV , FM radyo vb. için ayrılmıştır. Bu frekans bantlarından yalnızca biri koaksiyel kabloya sığar, bu nedenle bu bantların her biri için LNBF'den bir anahtarlama matrisine ayrı bir kablo gerekir veya alıcının aynı anda 4 olasılıktan birini seçmesi gerekir. [ kaynak gerekli ]\n\nSistem tasarımı\nTek alıcılı konut kurulumunda, binadaki alıcı set üstü kutusundan çanak anten üzerindeki LNB'ye tek bir koaksiyel kablo uzanır. LNB için DC elektrik gücü, alıcıya sinyal taşıyan aynı koaksiyel kablo iletkenleri üzerinden sağlanır. Ek olarak, kontrol sinyalleri de alıcıdan LNB'ye kablo üzerinden iletilir. Alıcı, dikey/yatay anten polarizasyonunu seçmek için farklı güç kaynağı voltajları (13/18 V) ve LNB'ye iki frekans bandından birini seçmesi için talimat vermek üzere bir açma/kapama pilot tonu (22 kHz) kullanır. Daha büyük kurulumlarda, her bant ve polarizasyon için ayrı bir kablo kullanılır, bu nedenle LNB'den bir 'çoklu anahtarlama' anahtarlama matrisine 4 kablo gider; bu da tek alıcılı kurulumdakiyle aynı sinyalizasyon yöntemini kullanarak yıldız topolojisinde birden fazla alıcının çoklu anahtara bağlanmasına olanak tanır. 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The logs are between 25 and 30 cm long. Some of them are already burnt. The burnt pieces contain an emission map. The objects are photoscanned and the geometry is reduced.\n\nObject:\n- real world scale\n- uv unwrapped (no overlapping)\n- optimized, no n-gons\n- polygon reduction with Zremesher\n- game ready (tested in UE 5.3)\n- the albedo map is delit properly and contains no shadow information\n\nThe tex folders contain 4k maps for:\n- Albedo (Diffuse)\n- AO\n- Roughness\n- Normal\n- Displacement\n- Emission (for the burnt pieces)\n\nAny kind of feedback is very welcome!\n\n\n","imageAlt":"Collection of fire wood - photoscanned 3D asset realtime","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/interior/living-room/collection-of-fire-wood-photoscanned","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/kJPo9FWBYyXMnqrtv91jJ6XS/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/Firewoodpack_1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/kJPo9FWBYyXMnqrtv91jJ6XS/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/Firewoodpack_1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/interior/living-room/collection-of-fire-wood-photoscanned","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"interior","subcategorySlug":"living-room","categoryTitle":"Interior","subcategoryTitle":"Living Room","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/5207561/4c6ab8ecb3/collection-of-fire-wood-photoscanned-3d-model-4c6ab8ecb3.webp","saleOffDiscount":30,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"7280167","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7280167,"title":"Vintage Western General Store","price":30.0,"description":"**Vintage Western General Store**\n\nTransport your players straight into the lawless frontier! This isn't just a building; it is the bustling heart of the old town, weathered by dust storms and battered by the heat of a thousand gunfights. Whether you are building a gritty open-world RPG, a cinematic western shooter, or a nostalgic animated short, this General Store is the ultimate backdrop for drama and commerce. The intricate wood grain, peeling paint, and rustic signage scream \"Daylight Hours Only,\" inviting heroes and villains alike to step onto the creaky porch. Ready to drop into your engine of choice, this asset brings authentic, hand-crafted Americana to your project with stunning 4K PBR textures that capture every splinter and nail.\n\n**Technical Specs:**\n*   **Formats:** Blender (Native), .glb, .fbx, .obj\n*   **Textures:** 4K Resolution (Albedo, Normal, Roughness, Ambient Occlusion)\n*   **Topology:** Game-ready, optimized for real-time engines (Unity, Unreal, Godot).\n\n**Low Poly Count:**\n*   Verts: 649\n*   Faces: 1,363\n*   Tris: 1,364\n\n**High Poly Count:**\n*   Verts: 9,345\n*   Faces: 9,504\n*   Tris: 18,270","imageAlt":"Vintage Western General Store","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/house/vintage-western-general-store","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/p5ovhabgzwa9hhk4ephw3fyfnutb/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/General_Store_high1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/p5ovhabgzwa9hhk4ephw3fyfnutb/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/General_Store_high1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/house/vintage-western-general-store","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":219,"name":".exr","is_native":false},{"id":117,"name":".gltf","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"exterior","subcategorySlug":"house","categoryTitle":"Exterior","subcategoryTitle":"House","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7280167/7eb070be12/vintage-western-general-store-3d-model-7eb070be12.webp","saleOffDiscount":30,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"4717381","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":4717381,"title":"Victorian Bellows","price":12.99,"description":"******************** Victorian Bellows *******************\n\nA 3D lowpoly model of some Victorian era bellows. V-Ray ready renders, PBR material included. Great for Archviz renders and game engines!\n\n-     Modelled in 3ds Max 2021.\n-     Textured in Substance Painter with PBR materials.\n-     Rendered back in Max with V-Ray 6.\n-     Fully UV mapping. 6 texture maps used. PBR metal workflow with Basecolour, Height, Metallic, Normal and Roughness.\n-     Low-poly Polys coming in at 8254 polys, verts at 9665 easily retriangulated.\n-     PBR maps at 4K baked from Substance Painter.\n-     Low-poly and compatibility with other packages and engines. Easily re-triangulated.\n-     FBX, glTF, OBJ, 3DS, spp and original 3ds Max 2021.\n\nAny questions don't hesitate to contact me here on CGTrader!","imageAlt":"Victorian Bellows 3D asset","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/household/household-tools/victorian-bellows","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/tsanWoHh9yejLeqwa5tvgZnP/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/bellows_000.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/tsanWoHh9yejLeqwa5tvgZnP/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/bellows_000.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/household/household-tools/victorian-bellows","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":17,"name":".max","is_native":true},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":117,"name":".gltf","is_native":false},{"id":101,"name":".spp","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"household","subcategorySlug":"household-tools","categoryTitle":"Household","subcategoryTitle":"Tools","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/4717381/486230507f/victorian-bellows-3d-model-486230507f.webp","saleOffDiscount":30,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":true,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"307339","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":307339,"title":"Antique Fireplace","price":9.99,"description":"Detailed Description Info:\n\nModel: Fireplace\n\u003cbr\u003e\nMedia Type: 3D Model \n\u003cbr\u003e\nGeometry: Quads/Tris \n\u003cbr\u003e\nPolygon Count: 417\n\u003cbr\u003e\nVertice Count: 506\n\u003cbr\u003e\nTextures: Yes \n\u003cbr\u003e\nMaterials: Yes \n\u003cbr\u003e\nRigged: No \n\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimated: No \n\u003cbr\u003e\nUV Mapped: Yes \n\u003cbr\u003e\nUnwrapped UV's: Yes Non-Overlapping\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nImages rendered with the supplied Blender Cycles project file\n\u003cbr\u003e\nProject Includes metalness, roughness, diffuse, normal and AO maps to setup your own PBR renders as required\n\u003cbr\u003e\nEasy to setup for rendering with mental ray, vray or UE4 using the supplied FBX file\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nFeatures: \n- High quality polygonal model - correctly scaled accurate representation of the original objects. \n- Model resolutions are optimized for polygon efficiency. \n- All colors can be easily modified. \n- Model is fully textured with all materials applied. \n- All textures and materials are included and mapped in every format. \n- Autodesk Maya models grouped for easy selection \u0026 objects are logically named for ease of scene management. \n- No namespace issues when importing several models into a scene. \n- No cleaning up necessary, just drop model into your scene and start rendering. \n- No special plugin needed to open scene.\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nFile formats: \n- Autodesk Maya Mb Scene \n- FBX (Multi Format) \n- Blender\n\nEvery model has been checked with the required software.\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nTextures formats:\n\nTIFF\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nWarning: Depending on which software package you are using, the exchange formats (.obj, .3ds and .fbx) may not match the preview images exactly. Due to the nature of these formats there may be some textures that have to be loaded by hand and possibly triangulated geometry.\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nFor other models be sure to check out our entire catalog on CG Trader!","imageAlt":"3D model Antique Fireplace","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/fixture/antique-fireplace-ea46eca6-57ae-467e-b3a1-65a5632cf981","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/Xxnqt9m7PyQ2XjjsH6Nrdaxq/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/Xxnqt9m7PyQ2XjjsH6Nrdaxq/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/fixture/antique-fireplace-ea46eca6-57ae-467e-b3a1-65a5632cf981","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":11,"name":".ma","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"architectural","subcategorySlug":"fixture","categoryTitle":"Architectural","subcategoryTitle":"Fixture","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/307339/efc343a9be/antique-fireplace-3d-model-efc343a9be.webp","saleOffDiscount":50,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"7223292","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7223292,"title":" Coal mine extraction tower 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision me","imageAlt":"Coal mine extraction tower 3D model","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/coal-mine-extraction-tower-3d-model","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/7gpojifymkvgapq4jug29kzye699/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/7gpojifymkvgapq4jug29kzye699/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/coal-mine-extraction-tower-3d-model","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7223292/6166b93414/coal-mine-extraction-tower-3d-model-3d-model-6166b93414.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"2061587","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":2061587,"title":"Industrial Chimney","price":8.0,"description":"Soviet region Industrial Chimney, made of concrete\nPipe has red-white stripes, it has some relief on surface, so it looks closer to actual materials\n4096x textures made in Substance Painter, model has adequate UVW data\n\nSuitable for visuals and for PBR game engines","imageAlt":"Industrial Chimney 3D asset realtime PBR","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/industrial-exterior/riga-stone-bridge-akmens-tilts","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/m5nuR3SQtwQmtmKv7VcC3neU/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/00.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/m5nuR3SQtwQmtmKv7VcC3neU/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/00.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/industrial-exterior/riga-stone-bridge-akmens-tilts","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":17,"name":".max","is_native":false},{"id":4,"name":".dwg","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"exterior","subcategorySlug":"industrial-exterior","categoryTitle":"Exterior","subcategoryTitle":"Industrial","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/2061587/13a18acae3/industrial-chimney-3d-model-13a18acae3.webp","saleOffDiscount":30,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"7222845","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7222845,"title":"old demolished factory 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture","imageAlt":"old demolished factory 3D model 7222845","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-0442b23b-8aa2-494b-bbca-12a219e5b86e","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/rsvwa0li9v18yz47mlr539n5x4sv/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/rsvwa0li9v18yz47mlr539n5x4sv/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-0442b23b-8aa2-494b-bbca-12a219e5b86e","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7222845/c24a71623b/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3d-model-c24a71623b.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7222882","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7222882,"title":"old demolished factory 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-a741e3d6-1536-4ebe-a252-7099925773fa","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/6z8yzf0nwquxkr29pwa2y4m00fjz/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/6z8yzf0nwquxkr29pwa2y4m00fjz/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-a741e3d6-1536-4ebe-a252-7099925773fa","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7222882/0c97764b19/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3d-model-0c97764b19.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7216525","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7216525,"title":"old demolished factory 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture\nMain article: Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution\nBritish textile industry\n\nWeaving with handlooms from William Hogarth's Industry and Idleness in 1747\nIn 1750, Britain imported 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton, most of which was spun and woven by the cottage industry in Lancashire. The work was done by hand in workers' homes or master weavers' shops. Wages were six times those in India in 1770 when productivity in Britain was three times higher.[35] In 1787, raw cotton consumption was 22 million pounds, most of which was cleaned, carded, and spun on machines.[7]: 41–42  The British textile industry used 52 million pounds of cotton in 1800, and 588 million pounds in 1850.[36]\n\nThe share of value added by the cotton industry in Britain was 2.6% in 1760, 17% in 1801, and 22% in 1831. Value added by the woollen industry was 14% in 1801. Cotton factories numbered about 900 in 1797. In 1760, approximately one-third of cotton cloth manufactured was exported, rising to two-thirds by 1800. In 1781, cotton spun amounted to 5 million pounds, which increased to 56 million pounds by 1800. In 1800, less than 0.1% of world cotton cloth was produced on machinery invented in Britain. In 1788, there were 50,000 spindles in Britain, rising to 7 million over the next 30 years.[35]\n\nWool\nThe earliest European attempts at mechanised spinning were with wool; however, wool spinning proved more difficult to mechanise than cotton. Productivity improvement in wool spinning during the Industrial Revolution was significant, but less than cotton.[7][37]","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3aabd011-02cf-41ae-9e3e-ed2127666ba5","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/c57al8dt94rjl1axdl7gnris0pvq/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/c57al8dt94rjl1axdl7gnris0pvq/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3aabd011-02cf-41ae-9e3e-ed2127666ba5","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7216525/222d92766b/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3d-model-222d92766b.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7216848","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7216848,"title":"old demolished factory 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture\nMain article: Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution\nBritish textile industry\n\nWeaving with handlooms from William Hogarth's Industry and Idleness in 1747\nIn 1750, Britain imported 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton, most of which was spun and woven by the cottage industry in Lancashire. The work was done by hand in workers' homes or master weavers' shops. Wages were six times those in India in 1770 when productivity in Britain was three times higher.[35] In 1787, raw cotton consumption was 22 million pounds, most of which was cleaned, carded, and spun on machines.[7]: 41–42  The British textile industry used 52 million pounds of cotton in 1800, and 588 million pounds in 1850.[36]\n\nThe share of value added by the cotton industry in Britain was 2.6% in 1760, 17% in 1801, and 22% in 1831. Value added by the woollen industry was 14% in 1801. Cotton factories numbered about 900 in 1797. In 1760, approximately one-third of cotton cloth manufactured was exported, rising to two-thirds by 1800. In 1781, cotton spun amounted to 5 million pounds, which increased to 56 million pounds by 1800. In 1800, less than 0.1% of world cotton cloth was produced on machinery invented in Britain. In 1788, there were 50,000 spindles in Britain, rising to 7 million over the next 30 years.[35]\n\nWool\nThe earliest European attempts at mechanised spinning were with wool; however, wool spinning proved more difficult to mechanise than cotton. Productivity improvement in wool spinning during the Industrial Revolution was significant, but less than cotton.[7][37]\n\nSilk","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-1f72ea46-6cc3-4bea-b828-0407d7a25c2e","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/sxytvyd87clwcx267aeqsqkkgp3e/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/sxytvyd87clwcx267aeqsqkkgp3e/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-1f72ea46-6cc3-4bea-b828-0407d7a25c2e","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7216848/75271943c1/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3d-model-75271943c1.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"50208","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":50208,"title":"Old Factory","price":15.0,"description":"\u003cp\u003eAn old factory building including brown brick chimney. Windows are detailed but the global 3D model is in low poly. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe native Sketchup file is in 2013 version and ready for Maxwell Render 2.7.22 for Sketchup. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFeatures: \u003cbr\u003e• High quality polygonal model - correctly scaled accurate representation of the original objects. \u003cbr\u003e• Model resolutions are optimized for polygon efficiency.\u003cbr\u003e• All colors can be easily modified. \u003cbr\u003e• Model is fully textured with all materials applied. \u003cbr\u003e• All textures and materials are included and mapped in every format. \u003cbr\u003e• No cleaning up necessary, just drop your models into the scene and start rendering.\u003cbr\u003e• No special plugin needed to open scene.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eModels: \u003cbr\u003e9 components 29 copy of components: \u003cbr\u003e13 materials and textures\u003cbr\u003epolygons: 5855\u003cbr\u003egroups: 3\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFile formats:\u003cbr\u003e• Sketchup 2013\u003cbr\u003e• OBJ Multi Format\u003cbr\u003e• 3DS Multi Format\u003cbr\u003e• Collada DAE\u003cbr\u003e• VRML\u003cbr\u003e• Softimage XSI\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTextures formats:\u003cbr\u003eJPEG (.jpg)\u003c/p\u003e\n\n(One or more textures on this 3D-model have been created with images from Textures.com. These images may not be redistributed by default. Please visit www.textures.com for more information.)","imageAlt":"Old Factory 3D asset realtime old","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/industrial-exterior/old-factory","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/Pta3evy8y8HKF7N8SiTEaxGC/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/old-factory-3d-model-low-poly-3ds-hrc-xsi-dae-skp-wrl-wrz-mtl.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/Pta3evy8y8HKF7N8SiTEaxGC/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/old-factory-3d-model-low-poly-3ds-hrc-xsi-dae-skp-wrl-wrz-mtl.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/industrial-exterior/old-factory","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":14,"name":".skp","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":15,"name":".hrc","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"exterior","subcategorySlug":"industrial-exterior","categoryTitle":"Exterior","subcategoryTitle":"Industrial","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/50208/bc4eac7af4/old-factory-3d-model-bc4eac7af4.webp","saleOffDiscount":30,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"7223243","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7223243,"title":"Coal Loader 3D Model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/coal-loader-3d-model","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/qzrznw9kup51y4bqdzv9w6p7580w/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/qzrznw9kup51y4bqdzv9w6p7580w/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/coal-loader-3d-model","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7223243/2309d300ab/coal-loader-3d-model-3d-model-2309d300ab.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7223358","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7223358,"title":" crane 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture","imageAlt":"crane 3D model 7223358","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/crane-3d-model-b1ca9b64-c2f8-4e08-bc88-46d21376a293","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/1d8ctru95yoej2mkkvesw9n7wawj/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/1d8ctru95yoej2mkkvesw9n7wawj/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/crane-3d-model-b1ca9b64-c2f8-4e08-bc88-46d21376a293","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7223358/54ae7a233f/crane-3d-model-3d-model-54ae7a233f.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7212862","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7212862,"title":" Large scrap metal satellite antenna 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"Uydu çanağı, radyo dalgaları yoluyla bir iletişim uydusundan bilgi almak veya ona bilgi iletmek için tasarlanmış, çanak şeklinde parabolik bir anten türüdür . Bu terim en yaygın olarak , jeostasyonel yörüngedeki bir doğrudan yayın uydusundan doğrudan yayın uydu televizyonu alan bir çanak anteni ifade eder .\n\nTarih\nParabolik veya \"çanak\" antenler, ilk yapay uydunun 1957'de fırlatılmasından çok önce, radyo teleskopları (1937'den itibaren) ve askeri amaçlarla (II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında) uçak takibi için kullanılıyordu.\n\nUydu çanağı terimi , uydu televizyon endüstrisinin başlangıcında, 1978 yılında ortaya atılmış ve iletişim uydularından sinyal gönderen ve/veya alan çanak antenleri ifade etmek için kullanılmıştır. Kaliforniya, San Andreas'tan Taylor Howard , 1976 yılında eski bir askeri çanağı uyarlayarak, onu kullanarak uydu televizyon sinyallerini alan ilk kişi olmuştur. [ 1 ]\n\nİlk uydu televizyon antenleri, C-band analog sinyallerini almak için yapılmıştı ve çok büyüktü. 1979 Neiman-Marcus Noel kataloğunun ön kapağında satışa sunulan ilk ev tipi uydu TV istasyonları yer alıyordu. [ 2 ] Antenlerin çapı yaklaşık 20 fit (6,1 m) idi. [ 3 ] 1980'lerin başlarındaki uydu antenleri 10 ila 16 fit (3,0 ila 4,9 m) çapındaydı [ 4 ] ve içine tel örgü veya alüminyum folyo tabakası yerleştirilmiş fiberglastan veya katı alüminyum veya çelikten yapılmıştı . [ 5 ]\n\nTel örgüden yapılmış uydu antenleri ilk olarak 1980'lerin başında ortaya çıktı ve başlangıçta 3,0 m çapındaydı. Ön uç teknolojisi geliştikçe ve LNB'lerin gürültü oranı düştükçe, boyut birkaç yıl sonra 2,4 m'ye kadar küçüldü ve 1980'lerin sonlarında 1,8 m'ye ve 1990'ların başlarında 1,2 m'ye kadar küçülmeye devam etti. [ 6 ] Bununla birlikte, daha büyük antenler kullanılmaya devam etti. [ 6 ] Aralık 1988'de Lüksemburg'un Astra 1A uydusu, Avrupa pazarı için Ku bandında analog televizyon sinyalleri iletmeye başladı . [ 7 ] Bu , küçük antenlerin (90 cm) ilk kez güvenilir bir şekilde kullanılmasına olanak sağladı. [ 7 ]\n\n1990'ların başlarında, dört büyük Amerikan kablo şirketi , orta güçteki uyduları kullanan doğrudan yayın şirketi PrimeStar'ı kurdu. [ 8 ] Nispeten güçlü Ku bandı iletimleri, ilk kez 90 cm kadar küçük çanak antenlerin kullanılmasına olanak sağladı. [ 8 ] 4 Mart 1996'da EchoStar , Digital Sky Highway'i ( Dish Network ) tanıttı . [ 9 ] Bu, yaygın olarak kullanılan ilk doğrudan yayın uydu televizyon sistemiydi ve 20 inç (51 cm) kadar küçük çanak antenlerin kullanılmasına izin verdi. Çanak anten boyutundaki bu büyük azalma, uydu çanak antenlerinin araçlara monte edilmesine de olanak sağladı. [ 10 ] Bu boyuttaki çanak antenler bugün hala kullanılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, televizyon istasyonları, C bandı sinyallerinin Ku bandı sinyallerine göre yağmurdan daha az etkilenmesi nedeniyle, sinyallerini büyük çanak antenlerle C bandında iletmeyi hala tercih etmektedir . [ 11 ]\n\nÇalışma prensibi\n\nParabolik antenlerde kullanılan yansıma prensiplerinin şematik gösterimi\nÇanak antenin parabolik şekli , sinyali çanağın odak noktasına yansıtır . Çanağın odak noktasındaki braketlere monte edilmiş bir cihaza besleme boynuzu denir. Bu besleme boynuzu, esasen odak noktasında veya yakınında sinyalleri toplayan ve bunları düşük gürültülü bir blok aşağı dönüştürücüye veya LNB'ye 'iletken' olan bir dalga kılavuzunun ön ucudur . LNB, sinyalleri elektromanyetik veya radyo dalgalarından elektrik sinyallerine dönüştürür ve sinyalleri aşağı bağlantılı C bandından ve/veya Ku bandından L bandı aralığına kaydırır . Doğrudan yayın yapan uydu çanak antenleri, besleme boynuzunu LNB ile entegre eden bir LNBF kullanır. Yönlendirilmiş parabolik çanak anten kullanmayan ve araç gibi mobil bir platformda kullanılabilen yeni bir çok yönlü uydu anteni türü, 2004 yılında Waterloo Üniversitesi tarafından duyuruldu. [ 12 ]\n\nBir uydu anteninin teorik kazancı ( yönsel kazanç ), frekans arttıkça artar. Gerçek kazanç, yüzey kalitesi, şekil doğruluğu ve anten uyumu gibi birçok faktöre bağlıdır. 11,75 GHz'de tipik bir tüketici tipi 60 cm uydu anteni için değer 37,50 dB'dir.\n\nÖrneğin C bandı gibi daha düşük frekanslarda, çanak anten tasarımcılarının malzeme seçimi daha geniştir. Düşük frekanslar için gereken büyük çanak anten boyutu, çanak antenlerin metal bir çerçeve üzerine metal ağdan yapılmasına yol açmıştır. Daha yüksek frekanslarda ise ağ tipi tasarımlar daha nadirdir, ancak bazı tasarımlarda delikli katı çanak anten kullanılmıştır.\n\nYaygın bir yanılgı, çanak antenin önündeki cihaz olan LNBF'nin (düşük gürültülü blok/besleme boynuzu) sinyali doğrudan atmosferden aldığıdır. Örneğin, bir BBC Haber bağlantısı, \"kırmızı sinyalin\" çanak antene ışınlanmak yerine doğrudan LNBF tarafından alındığını göstermektedir; oysa parabolik şekli nedeniyle çanak anten sinyali daha küçük bir alanda toplar ve LNBF'ye iletir. [ 13 ]\n\nEv televizyonu kullanımı için tasarlanmış modern çanak antenler genellikle 43 cm (18 inç) ila 80 cm (31 inç) çapındadır ve tek bir yörünge konumundan Ku-bandı alımı için tek bir pozisyona sabitlenmiştir. Doğrudan yayın yapan uydu hizmetlerinin varlığından önce, ev kullanıcıları genellikle farklı uydulardan kanalları almak için 3 metreye kadar çapta motorlu bir C-bandı çanak anten kullanırlardı. Ancak, çok küçük çanak antenler yine de yağmur nedeniyle sinyal zayıflaması ve bitişik uydulardan kaynaklanan parazit gibi sorunlara neden olabilir.\n\nAvrupa\nAvrupa'da , DBS hizmetleri tarafından kullanılan frekanslar , H (Yatay) ve V (Dikey) olmak üzere iki polarizasyonda 10,7–12,75 GHz aralığındadır. Bu aralık, 10,7–11,7 GHz'lik bir \"düşük bant\" ve 11,7–12,75 GHz'lik bir \"yüksek bant\" olarak ikiye ayrılır. Bu, her biri yaklaşık 1 GHz bant genişliğine ve iki olası polarizasyona sahip iki frekans bandı ile sonuçlanır. LNB'de bunlar 950–2150 MHz'e düşürülür; bu, LNBF ile alıcı arasındaki koaksiyel kabloda uydu hizmeti için ayrılan frekans aralığıdır. Daha düşük frekanslar kablolu ve karasal TV , FM radyo vb. için ayrılmıştır. Bu frekans bantlarından yalnızca biri koaksiyel kabloya sığar, bu nedenle bu bantların her biri için LNBF'den bir anahtarlama matrisine ayrı bir kablo gerekir veya alıcının aynı anda 4 olasılıktan birini seçmesi gerekir. [ kaynak gerekli ]\n\nSistem tasarımı\nTek alıcılı konut kurulumunda, binadaki alıcı set üstü kutusundan çanak anten üzerindeki LNB'ye tek bir koaksiyel kablo uzanır. LNB için DC elektrik gücü, alıcıya sinyal taşıyan aynı koaksiyel kablo iletkenleri üzerinden sağlanır. Ek olarak, kontrol sinyalleri de alıcıdan LNB'ye kablo üzerinden iletilir. Alıcı, dikey/yatay anten polarizasyonunu seçmek için farklı güç kaynağı voltajları (13/18 V) ve LNB'ye iki frekans bandından birini seçmesi için talimat vermek üzere bir açma/kapama pilot tonu (22 kHz) kullanır. Daha büyük kurulumlarda, her bant ve polarizasyon için ayrı bir kablo kullanılır, bu nedenle LNB'den bir 'çoklu anahtarlama' anahtarlama matrisine 4 kablo gider; bu da tek alıcılı kurulumdakiyle aynı sinyalizasyon yöntemini kullanarak yıldız topolojisinde birden fazla alıcının çoklu anahtara bağlanmasına olanak tanır. ","imageAlt":"Large scrap metal satellite antenna 3D model","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/large-scrap-metal-satellite-antenna-3d-model","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/po4qrrcxg96r1v17n0hjp5boatxm/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/po4qrrcxg96r1v17n0hjp5boatxm/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/large-scrap-metal-satellite-antenna-3d-model","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7212862/f61931ee48/large-scrap-metal-satellite-antenna-3d-model-3d-model-f61931ee48.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7216447","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7216447,"title":" old demolished factory 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture\nMain article: Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution\nBritish textile industry\n\nWeaving with handlooms from William Hogarth's Industry and Idleness in 1747\nIn 1750, Britain imported 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton, most of which was spun and woven by the cottage industry in Lancashire. The work was done by hand in workers' homes or master weavers' shops. Wages were six times those in India in 1770 when productivity in Britain was three times higher.[35] In 1787, raw cotton consumption was 22 million pounds, most of which was cleaned, carded, and spun on machines.[7]: 41–42  The British textile industry used 52 million pounds of cotton in 1800, and 588 million pounds in 1850.[36]\n\nThe share of value added by the cotton industry in Britain was 2.6% in 1760, 17% in 1801, and 22% in 1831. Value added by the woollen industry was 14% in 1801. Cotton factories numbered about 900 in 1797. In 1760, approximately one-third of cotton cloth manufactured was exported, rising to two-thirds by 1800. In 1781, cotton spun amounted to 5 million pounds, which increased to 56 million pounds by 1800. In 1800, less than 0.1% of world cotton cloth was produced on machinery invented in Britain. In 1788, there were 50,000 spindles in Britain, rising to 7 million over the next 30 years.[35]\n\nWool\nThe earliest European attempts at mechanised spinning were with wool; however, wool spinning proved more difficult to mechanise than cotton. Productivity improvement in wool spinning during the Industrial Revolution was significant, but less than cotton.[7][37]\n\nSilk\n\nJohn Lombe's silk mill site today in Derby, rebuilt as Derby Silk Mill\nArguably the first highly mechanised factory was John Lombe's water-powered silk mill at Derby, operational by 1721. Lombe learned silk thread manufacturing by taking a job in Italy and acting as an industrial spy; however, because the Italian silk industry guarded its secrets, the state of the industry at that time is unknown. Although Lombe's factory was technically successful, the supply of raw silk from Italy was cut off to eliminate competition. To promote manufacturing, the Crown paid for models of Lombe's machinery which were exhibited in the Tower of London.[38][39]\n","imageAlt":"old demolished factory 3D model 7216447","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-baf0d7fc-a586-4b5e-8a5a-a4db033b8aea","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/kkwkcfm3jppz92yoquxn6xmw6noi/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/9.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/kkwkcfm3jppz92yoquxn6xmw6noi/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/9.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-baf0d7fc-a586-4b5e-8a5a-a4db033b8aea","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7216447/89e64c2220/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3d-model-89e64c2220.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"5816403","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":5816403,"title":"Brick Building with interior in dirty style","price":9.99,"description":"This is a model of Brick Building with sandstone decorations in dirty/neglected style. There is interior unfurnished, there are stairs, doors, windows, chimney.\nGround floor, frist floor and Roof.\nOne object, one material, each part has proper name with material.\n\nTextures Normal Map, Roughness Map, Diffuse, Mettalic Map (in metal parts), generally 2k.\nExterior: 47800 verticies, 42700 polygons\nExterior plus Interior: 57000 verticies, 50400 polygons.\n\nFeel free to change body, colors, add furniture.\nAvailable formats:\n\n- BLEND (nativ)\n- FBX\n- STL\n- OBJ","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/other/brick-building-with-interior-in-dirty-style","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/S3dbUPPZMFYJVYs2vAbwSUYN/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/S3dbUPPZMFYJVYs2vAbwSUYN/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/other/brick-building-with-interior-in-dirty-style","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"architectural","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Architectural","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/5816403/534bcff120/brick-building-with-interior-in-dirty-style-3d-model-534bcff120.webp","saleOffDiscount":40,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"7223283","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7223283,"title":"old silo 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision me","imageAlt":"old silo 3D model","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-silo-3d-model","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/9cvp88st716ckgxs69umb29fy94t/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/9cvp88st716ckgxs69umb29fy94t/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-silo-3d-model","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7223283/83bcd4d4d8/old-silo-3d-model-3d-model-83bcd4d4d8.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7214286","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7214286,"title":"water tank 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture\nMain article: Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution\nBritish textile industry\n\nWeaving with handlooms from William Hogarth's Industry and Idleness in 1747\nIn 1750, Britain imported 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton, most of which was spun and woven by the cottage industry in Lancashire. The work was done by hand in workers' homes or master weavers' shops. Wages were six times those in India in 1770 when productivity in Britain was three times higher.[35] In 1787, raw cotton consumption was 22 million pounds, most of which was cleaned, carded, and spun on machines.[7]: 41–42  The British textile industry used 52 million pounds of cotton in 1800, and 588 million pounds in 1850.[36]\n\nThe share of value added by the cotton industry in Britain was 2.6% in 1760, 17% in 1801, and 22% in 1831. Value added by the woollen industry was 14% in 1801. Cotton factories numbered about 900 in 1797. In 1760, approximately one-third of cotton cloth manufactured was exported, rising to two-thirds by 1800. In 1781, cotton spun amounted to 5 million pounds, which increased to 56 million pounds by 1800. In 1800, less than 0.1% of world cotton cloth was produced on machinery invented in Britain. In 1788, there were 50,000 spindles in Britain, rising to 7 million over the next 30 years.[35]\n\nWool\nThe earliest European attempts at mechanised spinning were with wool; however, wool spinning proved more difficult to mechanise than cotton. Productivity improvement in wool spinning during the Industrial Revolution was significant, but less than cotton.[7][37]\n\nSilk\n\nJohn Lombe's silk mill site today in Derby, rebuilt as Derby Silk Mill\n\n\nCotton was a difficult raw material for Europe to obtain before it was grown on colonial plantations.[35] Spanish explorers found Native Americans growing sea island (Gossypium barbadense) and upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Sea island cotton was exported from Barbados from the 1650s. Upland cotton was uneconomical because of the difficulty of removing seed, a problem solved by the cotton gin.[13]: 157  A strain of cotton seed brought from Mexico to Na","imageAlt":"water tank 3D model 7214286","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/industrial-machine/water-tank-3d-model-28193064-ccb6-4094-9630-a13a31ed2519","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/49mjg2nqtyb9othk26fmuy8lj28k/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/49mjg2nqtyb9othk26fmuy8lj28k/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/industrial-machine/water-tank-3d-model-28193064-ccb6-4094-9630-a13a31ed2519","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"industrial-machine","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Machine","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7214286/8abcdb2a62/water-tank-3d-model-3d-model-8abcdb2a62.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7216784","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7216784,"title":"old demolished factory 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"\nold demolished factory 3D model\n\nThe Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture\nMain article: Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution\nBritish textile industry","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-fcce72b4-d625-4973-ad45-95478e9c8b0f","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/4wsnqb5bq4fgywnryf3sycw4wavo/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/4wsnqb5bq4fgywnryf3sycw4wavo/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-fcce72b4-d625-4973-ad45-95478e9c8b0f","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7216784/0be4d46168/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3d-model-0be4d46168.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7222958","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7222958,"title":" old demolished factory 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-118f19d7-f21e-4d47-98c0-ac3a9bed33ab","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/2a4czcpmyh687i8oiw1npclufz85/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/2a4czcpmyh687i8oiw1npclufz85/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-118f19d7-f21e-4d47-98c0-ac3a9bed33ab","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7222958/e16456f0fd/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3d-model-e16456f0fd.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7213191","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7213191,"title":"scrap crane 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture\nMain article: Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution\nBritish textile industry","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/industrial-machine/scrap-crane-3d-model","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/p0ep7jhjt0l94h2u3zvrsmpeviqc/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/p0ep7jhjt0l94h2u3zvrsmpeviqc/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/industrial-machine/scrap-crane-3d-model","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"industrial-machine","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Machine","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7213191/967119b0ee/scrap-crane-3d-model-3d-model-967119b0ee.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"7222736","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7222736,"title":" old demolished factory 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture\nMain article: Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution\nBritish textile industry\n\nWeaving with handlooms from William Hogarth's Industry and Idleness in 1747\nIn 1750, Britain imported 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton, most of which was spun and woven by the cottage industry in Lancashire. The work was done by hand in workers' homes or master weavers' shops. Wages were six times those in India in 1770 when productivity in Britain was three times higher.[35] In 1787, raw cotton consumption was 22 million pounds, most of which was cleaned, carded, and spun on machines.[7]: 41–42  The British textile industry used 52 million pounds of cotton in 1800, and 588 million pounds in 1850.[36]\n\nThe share of value added by the cotton industry in Britain was 2.6% in 1760, 17% in 1801, and 22% in 1831. Value added by the woollen industry was 14% in 1801. Cotton factories numbered about 900 in 1797. In 1760, approximately one-third of cotton cloth manufactured was exported, rising to two-thirds by 1800. In 1781, cotton spun amounted to 5 million pounds, which increased to 56 million pounds by 1800. In 1800, less than 0.1% of world cotton cloth was produced on machinery invented in Britain. In 1788, there were 50,000 spindles in Britain, rising to 7 million over the next 30 years.[35]\n\nWool","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-a3366b4b-a92e-4bfe-ae28-103abcf830df","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/z1k34hslwx04zwn45k8z9tvw5rqm/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/z1k34hslwx04zwn45k8z9tvw5rqm/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-a3366b4b-a92e-4bfe-ae28-103abcf830df","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7222736/f1a5dc2d95/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3d-model-f1a5dc2d95.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"4412994","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":4412994,"title":"New 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All models have UV baked textures. The textures includes Diffuse Map, Metallic Roughness Occlusion Packed in the rgb channels, Normal Map directx(you have to flip the green channel when using opengl).\n\nThe pack includes .blend .fbx, .obj files and a folder with all the textures.\n\nScreenshots rendered with Blender Cycles.","imageAlt":"Medieval Fireplace 3D asset VR / AR ready","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/interior/hall/medieval-fireplace-b3df25b9-8420-4942-88d9-9f7da4533f64","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/kwgTDtt5cnkHZ4V6QKLNf5kS/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/kwgTDtt5cnkHZ4V6QKLNf5kS/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/interior/hall/medieval-fireplace-b3df25b9-8420-4942-88d9-9f7da4533f64","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"interior","subcategorySlug":"hall","categoryTitle":"Interior","subcategoryTitle":"Hall","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/3401266/7a161ebf4e/medieval-fireplace-3d-model-7a161ebf4e.webp","saleOffDiscount":50,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":true,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"7223331","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7223331,"title":"old demolished factory 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution. Beginning in Great Britain around 1760, the Industrial Revolution had spread to continental Europe and the United States by about 1840.[1][2] Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history, comparable only to the adoption of agriculture with respect to material advancement.[3]\n\nThis transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and rise of the mechanised factory system. Output greatly increased, and the result was an unprecedented rise in population and population growth. Many technological and architectural innovations were British.[4][5] By the mid-18th century, Britain was the leading commercial nation,[6] with GDP per capita considerably over the world average.[2] The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods,[7]: 40  and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested.[7]\n\nThe precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[8][9][10] Rapid adoption of mechanized textiles spinning occurred in Britain in the 1780s,[11] and high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurred after 1800. Mechanised textile production spread from Britain to continental Europe and the US in the early 19th century.[7]\n\nA recession occurred from the late 1830s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanised spinning and weaving, slowed as markets matured despite increased adoption of locomotives, steamships, and hot blast iron smelting. New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s in the UK and US, were not sufficient to drive high rates of growth. Rapid growth reoccurred after 1870, springing from new innovations in the Second Industrial Revolution. These included steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and use of advanced machinery in steam-powered factories.[7][12][13][14]\n\nThe Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of life. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth, with the standard of living improving for most in the Western world,[15] though others have said it did not begin to improve meaningfully until the 20th century.[16][17][18] Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in China and India; after the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing took place in North America and Western Europe.[2]\n\nEtymology\nThe earliest recorded use of \"Industrial Revolution\" was in 1799 by French envoy Louis-Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[19] Raymond Williams states: \"The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811–18, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century.\" The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change became more common by the 1830s, as in Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle.[20] Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of \"an industrial revolution, a revolution which...changed the whole of civil society\". His book was not translated into English until the late 19th century, and the expression did not enter everyday language till then. Credit for its popularisation is given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.[21]\n\nEconomic historians such as Mendels, Pomeranz, and Kridte argue proto-industrialisation in parts of Europe, the Islamic world, Mughal India, and China created the social and economic conditions that led to the Industrial Revolution, thus causing the Great Divergence.[22][23][24] Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and that revolution is a misnomer.[25]\n\nRequirements\n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture","imageAlt":null,"url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-a49e8561-8f10-4316-9b76-bfa7ce696e2d","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/azfemfx1gxxdctxl0wtk2egaerxj/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/azfemfx1gxxdctxl0wtk2egaerxj/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-a49e8561-8f10-4316-9b76-bfa7ce696e2d","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":6,"name":".c4d","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7223331/9b558c343d/old-demolished-factory-3d-model-3d-model-9b558c343d.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"2313460","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":2313460,"title":"STOVE-PITCHER-POT old stove with chimney","price":13.2,"description":" Stove model. In this model file, there are pots and pitchers along with the stove. It is covered with copper material. The stove is covered with cast iron material. The stove has fire, ashtray and oven sections. In Turkey, this stove \"kuzine\" is called. It is a very functional stove. You can use the model in your desired project, game or movie scenes. Thank you for your interest. Please do not forget to like and comment.Thanks...\n\nSketchUp Entities processed:\n\n  67 Groups\n  13  Instances\n  50594  Faces\n  1257  Edges\n  3  Cameras\n  11  Materials\n  6  Textures\n\n3ds Entities exported:\n\n  110331 Triangles\n  1257 Edges\n  3 Cameras\n  11 Materials\n  6 Textures\nFBX Entities exported:\n\n  57237 Faces\n  10 Materials\n  6 Textures\n\nOBJ Entities exported:\n\n  57237 Faces\n  10 Materials\n  6 Textures\n","imageAlt":"3D asset STOVE-PITCHER-POT old stove with chimney","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/interior/living-room/stove-pitcher-pot-1766d76b-37ce-4f53-af93-e95b802cc88d","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/FSZFEe8bxE1tv2fvqDfgzFmJ/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/004.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/FSZFEe8bxE1tv2fvqDfgzFmJ/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/004.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/interior/living-room/stove-pitcher-pot-1766d76b-37ce-4f53-af93-e95b802cc88d","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":14,"name":".skp","is_native":true},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"interior","subcategorySlug":"living-room","categoryTitle":"Interior","subcategoryTitle":"Living Room","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/2313460/6168d42a5e/stove-pitcher-pot-old-stove-with-chimney-3d-model-6168d42a5e.webp","saleOffDiscount":30,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"4964122","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":4964122,"title":"Roof Vent Set 01","price":15.0,"description":"This is a collection of 28 deffrent types of Chimneys. low poly models and PBR textures .\n\nAll of buildings have good quality for the near the camera scenes . 3 texture resolution for each material 1024x1024 2048x2048 4096x4096 . \n3ds max and maya files have apply V-Ray materials . blender have appled PBR materials . Marmoset files are provided . A guide image in download files are provided .\n\nProvided Maps : BaseColor Height Metalness Normal Roughness\nProvided Formats : .blend .fbx  .ma max .mview .obj .tbscene","imageAlt":"3D asset Roof Vent Set 01","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/other/roof-vent-set-01","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/PEfJ6WvbhXLEKSK8mKnuA1pe/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/Image%200000.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/PEfJ6WvbhXLEKSK8mKnuA1pe/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/Image%200000.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/other/roof-vent-set-01","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":false},{"id":17,"name":".max","is_native":false},{"id":137,"name":".tbscene","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":11,"name":".ma","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"architectural","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Architectural","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/4964122/6c9bd937a9/roof-vent-set-01-3d-model-6c9bd937a9.webp","saleOffDiscount":30,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"5701462","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":5701462,"title":"Medieval Pottery Chimney V02","price":2.0,"description":"This game-ready medieval pottery chimney is designed to bring authenticity and historical charm to your medieval or fantasy-themed environments. Featuring a unique design with pottery elements integrated into the chimney structure, it’s ideal for use in medieval homes, inns, or blacksmith shops. The asset includes realistic textures and optimized geometry, and is fully compatible with Unreal Engine and Unity, making it easy to integrate into your scenes and add a rustic, functional touch to your medieval environments.\n\nKey Features:\n\n- Polycount: Optimized for real-time performance\n- Texture Resolution: 4K PBR textures (Base Color, Normal, Roughness, AO)\n- File Formats: .FBX for Unreal and Unity compatibility, .OBJ (compatible with most 3D software)\n- Texture Map Compatibility: Includes BSDF, PBR, Unity, and Unreal texture maps for easy integration\n- UV Unwrapped: Non-overlapping UVs for precise texture application\n- Scale: Realistic dimensions for accurate scene placement\n\nIdeal for game developers, 3D artists, and level designers working on medieval, historical, or fantasy-themed projects.","imageAlt":"Medieval Pottery Chimney V02 3D asset","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/various/various-models/medieval-pottery-chimney-v02","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/WdDTkwxgzES1Awu3qCnenHRN/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1200_1200.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/WdDTkwxgzES1Awu3qCnenHRN/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1200_1200.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/various/various-models/medieval-pottery-chimney-v02","isCgtVerified":true,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"various","subcategorySlug":"various-models","categoryTitle":"Various","subcategoryTitle":"Various models","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/5701462/cf26625e47/medieval-pottery-chimney-v02-3d-model-cf26625e47.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"7107606","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7107606,"title":"American Low Poly house 1 and Free Oak Tree - Game Ready","price":5.99,"description":"\n\n##  American Low Poly House 1 – Game Ready 3D Model\n\n**American Low Poly House 1** is a clean, optimized, and visually appealing 3D asset designed for real-time applications. This model features a detailed brick exterior, roof structure/roof water gutter, chimney, windows, and porch elements, making it perfect for building realistic environments while maintaining excellent performance.\n\nWith its **low polygon count and efficient topology**, this asset is ideal for **games, simulations, VR/AR experiences, and real-time rendering projects**. The model is designed to be easy to integrate into any environment such as neighborhoods, towns, open-world maps, or architectural scenes.\n\n---\n\n##  Model Statistics\n\n* **Vertices:** 1,744\n* **Edges:** 2,777\n* **Faces:** 1,153\n* **Triangles:** 2,290\n\nOptimized geometry ensures smooth performance in **real-time engines like Unity or Unreal Engine**, including mobile platforms.\n\n---\n\n##  Textures\n\nHigh-quality **PBR textures** created using **Adobe Substance Painter**.\n\nIncluded texture maps:\n\n* Base Color (Albedo)\n* Roughness\n* Metallic\n* Normal\n\nThese textures provide **realistic surface detail while remaining lightweight and efficient** for game development.\n\n---\n\n##  Software Used\n\n* **Blender 5.0.0** – Modeling\n* **Adobe Substance Painter** – Texture creation\n\n---\n\n##  Perfect For\n\n* Game environments\n* Unity / Unreal Engine projects\n* Mobile games\n* VR / AR applications\n* Simulation environments\n* Architectural scenes\n\n---\n\n##  Features\n\n * Optimized **low poly design**\n* **Game-ready topology**\n* **PBR textured materials**\n* Clean and organized mesh\n* Easy to integrate into real-time projects\n\n","imageAlt":"American Low Poly house 1 and Free Oak Tree - 3D model 1","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/house/american-low-poly-house-1-and-free-oak-tree-game-ready","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/dmc5up52rc65of5ic2rtf8628x34/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/0001.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/dmc5up52rc65of5ic2rtf8628x34/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/0001.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/house/american-low-poly-house-1-and-free-oak-tree-game-ready","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":117,"name":".gltf","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"exterior","subcategorySlug":"house","categoryTitle":"Exterior","subcategoryTitle":"House","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7107606/b61f381384/american-low-poly-house-1-and-free-oak-tree-game-ready-3d-model-b61f381384.webp","saleOffDiscount":30,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"7341893","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7341893,"title":"Modular Modern City Blocks","price":30.0,"description":"A comprehensive, high-quality Modular Modern City Environment Pack designed for game developers, city builders, urban simulators, and architectural planners. This kit provides a versatile set of building assets, allowing you to easily construct detailed residential, financial, and industrial city districts.\n\nPack Includes:\n\nResidential \u0026 Office Buildings: Modern multi-story apartment complexes, sleek high-rise glass skyscrapers, and minimalist urban structures.\n\nIndustrial Elements: Highly detailed power plant/factory building featuring prominent red-and-white industrial chimneys.\n\nUnder-Construction Asset: A realistic building frame structure with exposed wooden roof trusses, adding realism to your city expansion scenes.\n\nTechnical Specifications:\n\nModular Design: Seamlessly assemble, snap, and rearrange buildings to create custom skylines and city grids.\n\nOptimized \u0026 Clean Topology: Engineered to ensure optimal frame rates for real-time engines and complex layouts.\n\nPipeline Friendly: Provided in native .blend layout (with material setups), alongside industry-standard .fbx and lightweight .gltf formats.","imageAlt":"Modular Modern City Blocks","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/cityscape/modular-modern-city-blocks","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/9zb30wm7ootd9sajcggkaqn7ioz2/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/0001.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/9zb30wm7ootd9sajcggkaqn7ioz2/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/0001.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/cityscape/modular-modern-city-blocks","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"exterior","subcategorySlug":"cityscape","categoryTitle":"Exterior","subcategoryTitle":"Cityscape","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7341893/9b4848ecc3/modular-modern-city-blocks-3d-model-9b4848ecc3.webp","saleOffDiscount":40,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"5686075","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":5686075,"title":"Medieval Chimney V02","price":2.0,"description":"This game-ready medieval chimney is designed to enhance the atmosphere of any historical or fantasy scene. With realistic stone and brick textures, this model is perfect for castle kitchens, tavern fireplaces, or village cottages. Featuring optimized geometry for real-time performance, it seamlessly integrates into Unreal Engine and Unity.\n\nKey Features:\n\n- Polycount: Optimized for real-time performance\n- Texture Resolution: 4K PBR textures (Base Color, Normal, Roughness, AO)\n- File Formats: .FBX for Unreal and Unity compatibility, .OBJ (compatible with most 3D software)\n- Texture Map Compatibility: Includes BSDF, PBR, Unity, and Unreal texture maps for seamless integration\n- UV Unwrapped: Non-overlapping UVs for accurate texture application\n- Scale: Realistic dimensions for accurate scene placement\n\nPerfect for game developers, 3D artists, and level designers working on medieval or fantasy-themed projects.","imageAlt":"3D model Medieval Chimney V02","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/interior/house-interior/medieval-chimney-v02","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/4gSxcQvxDPfVVaH9fbR7H1sc/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/tbrender_Transparent.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/4gSxcQvxDPfVVaH9fbR7H1sc/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/tbrender_Transparent.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/interior/house-interior/medieval-chimney-v02","isCgtVerified":true,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"interior","subcategorySlug":"house-interior","categoryTitle":"Interior","subcategoryTitle":"House","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/5686075/a4d1cbff03/medieval-chimney-v02-3d-model-a4d1cbff03.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"307333","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":307333,"title":"Stone Fireplace","price":9.99,"description":"Detailed Description Info:\n\nModel: Fireplace\n\u003cbr\u003e\nMedia Type: 3D Model \n\u003cbr\u003e\nGeometry: Quads/Tris \n\u003cbr\u003e\nPolygon Count: 406\n\u003cbr\u003e\nVertice Count: 490\n\u003cbr\u003e\nTextures: Yes \n\u003cbr\u003e\nMaterials: Yes \n\u003cbr\u003e\nRigged: No \n\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimated: No \n\u003cbr\u003e\nUV Mapped: Yes \n\u003cbr\u003e\nUnwrapped UV's: Yes Non-Overlapping\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nImages rendered with the supplied Blender Cycles project file\n\u003cbr\u003e\nProject Includes metalness, roughness, diffuse, normal and AO maps to setup your own PBR renders as required\n\u003cbr\u003e\nEasy to setup for rendering with mental ray, vray or UE4 using the supplied FBX file\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nFeatures: \n- High quality polygonal model - correctly scaled accurate representation of the original objects. \n- Model resolutions are optimized for polygon efficiency. \n- All colors can be easily modified. \n- Model is fully textured with all materials applied. \n- All textures and materials are included and mapped in every format. \n- Autodesk Maya models grouped for easy selection \u0026 objects are logically named for ease of scene management. \n- No namespace issues when importing several models into a scene. \n- No cleaning up necessary, just drop model into your scene and start rendering. \n- No special plugin needed to open scene.\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nFile formats: \n- Autodesk Maya Mb Scene \n- FBX (Multi Format) \n- Blender\n\nEvery model has been checked with the required software.\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nTextures formats:\n\nTIFF\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nWarning: Depending on which software package you are using, the exchange formats (.obj, .3ds and .fbx) may not match the preview images exactly. Due to the nature of these formats there may be some textures that have to be loaded by hand and possibly triangulated geometry.\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nFor other models be sure to check out our entire catalog on CG Trader!","imageAlt":"3D model game-ready Stone Fireplace","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/fixture/stone-fireplace-3be131ef-9ba7-423b-b4dd-1cf96c3790dd","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/r3mdktQK2zwxw3MuzcYKGGiM/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/3.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/r3mdktQK2zwxw3MuzcYKGGiM/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/3.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/fixture/stone-fireplace-3be131ef-9ba7-423b-b4dd-1cf96c3790dd","isCgtVerified":true,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":11,"name":".ma","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"architectural","subcategorySlug":"fixture","categoryTitle":"Architectural","subcategoryTitle":"Fixture","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/307333/dcea39ddd9/stone-fireplace-3d-model-dcea39ddd9.webp","saleOffDiscount":50,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"7332348","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7332348,"title":"Post Apocalyptic Wooden Shack - Game Ready","price":16.0,"description":"High-quality, game-ready 3D model of a post-apocalyptic wooden shack (slum cabin). Beautifully detailed with weathered planks, corrugated metal sheets, a rusty chimney pipe, and signs. Perfect for survival, post-apocalyptic, and industrial game environments.\n\nFEATURES:\n- Low-poly / Mid-poly optimization, perfectly balanced for modern game engines.\n- Real-world scale and accurate proportions.\n- Clean topology with no overlapping geometry or internal hidden mesh waste.\n- Includes a smart interior backplane (plane blocker) to eliminate backface culling issues through the wall breaks while saving polycount.\n- All transformations applied (Scale 1,1,1).\n\nPOLYCOUNT:\n- Objects: 11 (Smartly combined for draw-call reduction)\n- Vertices: 3,223\n- Edges: 5,543\n- Faces: 2,468\n- Triangles: 4,872\n\nTEXTURES \u0026 MATERIALS:\n- 4K High-Quality Textures (PBR Workflow: Base Color, Roughness, Metallic, Normal, AO).\n- Organized by 4 clear material sets (Wood_01, Wood_02, Wood_03, and Metal for the corrugated sheets \u0026 chimney).\n- Clean texture naming and folder organization.\n\nFILE FORMATS:\n- .blend (Native with materials set up and empty parenting)\n- .fbx\n- .obj / .mtl","imageAlt":"Post Apocalyptic Wooden Shack - Game Ready","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/post-apocalyptic-wooden-shack-game-ready","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/ntpw8y5ut214k77kj7iczat1taaa/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/ntpw8y5ut214k77kj7iczat1taaa/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/other/post-apocalyptic-wooden-shack-game-ready","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"other","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Other","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7332348/ab0b92d30e/post-apocalyptic-wooden-shack-game-ready-3d-model-ab0b92d30e.webp","saleOffDiscount":50,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":true,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"7321569","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7321569,"title":"Industrial Exhaust Gas Treatment Plant for Digital Twin","price":19.0,"description":"A highly optimized, professional 3D model of an Industrial Exhaust Gas Treatment Plant (Dust Collector \u0026 Smoke Stack System). Perfectly designed for real-time WebGL platforms (Babylon.js, Three.js), game engines (Unity, Unreal Engine), and B2B industrial digital twin systems.\n\n###  Key Features:\n- **WebGL \u0026 Game Optimization:** Smart polycount budget with efficient texture layouts, keeping performance smooth even in large factory scenes.\n- **PBR Materials:** Realistic industrial textures featuring metallic structures, a weathered exhaust stack, and galvanized steel plating.\n- **Production-Ready:** Clean UV mapping, properly aligned pivot points, and accurate real-world scale for immediate drag-and-drop deployment.\n\n###  File Formats Included:\n- .blend (Native File)\n- .fbx\n- .obj / .mtl\n- .glb (Web-ready format)\n\nEssential for populating chemical plants, heavy industry zones, smart factory visualizations, and environmental engineering digital twin projects!","imageAlt":"Industrial Exhaust Gas Treatment Plant for Dig...","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/industrial-part/industrial-exhaust-gas-treatment-plant-for-digital-twin","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/szvad6t69wbcslpqhue9u81kkki7/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/01.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/szvad6t69wbcslpqhue9u81kkki7/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/01.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/industrial/industrial-part/industrial-exhaust-gas-treatment-plant-for-digital-twin","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":117,"name":".gltf","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"industrial","subcategorySlug":"industrial-part","categoryTitle":"Industrial","subcategoryTitle":"Part","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/7321569/831d2db953/industrial-exhaust-gas-treatment-plant-for-digital-twin-3d-model-831d2db953.webp","saleOffDiscount":50,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":true,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"7210685","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":7210685,"title":" demolished factory 3D model","price":68.0,"description":"The Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable \n\nIt has been suggested that this article be split out into a new article titled Technologies of the Industrial Revolution. (Discuss) (February 2026)\nSeveral key factors enabled industrialisation. High agricultural productivity—exemplified by the British Agricultural Revolution—freed up labor and ensured food surpluses. The presence of skilled managers and entrepreneurs, an extensive network of ports, rivers, canals, and roads for efficient transport, and abundant natural resources such as coal, iron, and water power further supported industrial growth. Political stability, a legal system favorable to business, and access to financial capital also played crucial roles. Once industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th century, its spread was facilitated by the eagerness of British entrepreneurs to export industrial methods and the willingness of other nations to adopt them. By the early 19th century, industrialisation had reached Western Europe and the United States, and by the late 19th century, Japan.[26][27]\n\nImportant technological developments\nThe commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[28] beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the 1830s, the following gains had been made in important technologies:\n\nTextiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by water, and later steam, increased output per worker by a factor of around 500. The power loom increased output by a factor of 40.[29] The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.[13] Large gains in productivity occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but were not as great as in cotton.[7]\nSteam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so they used between one-fifth and one-tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[7]: 82  The high-pressure engine had a high power-to-weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[14] Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800.\nIron-making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production.[7]: 89–93  Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[30][31] resulting in economies of scale. The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power.[32] The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760. It was improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced structural grade iron at lower cost than the finery forge.[33] The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Developed in 1828, hot blast greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production.\nInvention of machine tools – the first machine tools were the screw-cutting lathe, the cylinder boring machine, and the milling machine. Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took decades to develop effective techniques for making interchangeable parts.[34]\nTextile manufacture\nMain article: Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution\nBritish textile industry\n\nWeaving with handlooms from William Hogarth's Industry and Idleness in 1747\nIn 1750, Britain imported 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton, most of which was spun and woven by the cottage industry in Lancashire. The work was done by hand in workers' homes or master weavers' shops. Wages were six times those in India in 1770 when productivity in Britain was three times higher.[35] In 1787, raw cotton consumption was 22 million pounds, most of which was cleaned, carded, and spun on machines.[7]: 41–42  The British textile industry used 52 million pounds of cotton in 1800, and 588 million pounds in 1850.[36]\n\nThe share of value added by the cotton industry in Britain was 2.6% in 1760, 17% in 1801, and 22% in 1831. Value added by the woollen industry was 14% in 1801. Cotton factories numbered about 900 in 1797. In 1760, approximately one-third of cotton cloth manufactured was exported, rising to two-thirds by 1800. In 1781, cotton spun amounted to 5 million pounds, which increased to 56 million pounds by 1800. In 1800, less than 0.1% of world cotton cloth was produced on machinery invented in Britain. In 1788, there were 50,000 spindles in Britain, rising to 7 million over the next 30 years.[35]\n\nWool\nThe earliest European attempts at mechanised spinning were with wool; however, wool spinning proved more difficult to mechanise than cotton. Productivity improvement in wool spinning during the Industrial Revolution was significant, but less than cotton.[7][37]\n\nSilk\n\nJohn Lombe's silk mill site today in Derby, rebuilt as Derby Silk Mill\nArguably the first highly mechanised factory was John Lombe's water-powered silk mill at Derby, operational by 1721. Lombe learned silk thread manufacturing by taking a job in Italy and acting as an industrial spy; however, because the Italian silk industry guarded its secrets, the state of the industry at that time is unknown. Although Lombe's factory was technically successful, the supply of raw silk from Italy was cut off to eliminate competition. To promote manufacturing, the Crown paid for models of Lombe's machinery which were exhibited in the Tower of London.[38][39]\n\nCotton\nParts of India, China, Central America, South America, and the Middle East have a history of hand-manufacturing cotton textiles, which became a major industry after 1000 AD. Most cotton was grown by small farmers alongside food and spun in households for domestic consumption. In the 1400s, China began to require households to pay part of their taxes in cotton cloth. By the 17th century, almost all Chinese wore cotton clothing, and it could be used as a medium of exchange. In India, cotton textiles were manufactured for distant markets, often produced by professional weavers.[35]\n\nCotton was a difficult raw material for Europe to obtain before it was grown on colonial plantations.[35] Spanish explorers found Native Americans growing sea island (Gossypium barbadense) and upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Sea island cotton was exported from Barbados from the 1650s. Upland cotton was uneconomical because of the difficulty of removing seed, a problem solved by the cotton gin.[13]: 157  A strain of cotton seed brought from Mexico to Natchez, Mississippi, in 1806 became the parent genetic material for 90% of world production today; it produced bolls three to four times faster to pick","imageAlt":"demolished factory 3D 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Chimney Smoke Stack","price":19.0,"description":"A highly detailed and realistic industrial chimney (smokestack) model, ideal for game environments, simulations, and industrial visualization. \nThis asset includes weathered concrete textures, vertical access ladders, and safety railings. \n\nThe model is optimized for real-time use in Unreal Engine, Unity, and other modern engines.\n\nClean topology and efficient UVs ensure excellent performance even in large scenes. \n\nPerfect for factory, refinery, or power plant settings.\n\nKey Features:\n\n- Realistic weathered concrete texture\n- PBR Metal-Roughness material setup (Basecolor, Roughness, Metallic, Normal)\n- Game engine ready\n- Includes ladders and safety platforms\n- Optimized polycount for real-time applications\n\nMaya and 3ds Max are tested but may not have all PBR materials setup due to their non-standard default renderers.","imageAlt":"3D model Industrial Chimney Smoke 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Thank Ü**","imageAlt":"Magnificent Haussmann inspired 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Due to the nature of these formats there may be some textures that have to be loaded by hand and possibly triangulated geometry.\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nFor other models be sure to check out our entire catalog on CG Trader!","imageAlt":"3D model VR / AR ready Victorian Fireplace","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/fixture/victorian-fireplace","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/FMo9qoBxkajkBE5cUq87UUyD/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/FMo9qoBxkajkBE5cUq87UUyD/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/fixture/victorian-fireplace","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":11,"name":".ma","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"architectural","subcategorySlug":"fixture","categoryTitle":"Architectural","subcategoryTitle":"Fixture","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/307343/ca17b2fe9e/victorian-fireplace-3d-model-ca17b2fe9e.webp","saleOffDiscount":50,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"2608502","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":2608502,"title":"Spokane Steam Plant","price":19.0,"description":"Low poly model of a Spokane Steam Plant, it is non-PBR with 4k resolutions. 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Good luck...\n","imageAlt":"Fire Truck - Rescue Machine 3D model","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/vehicle/truck/fire-truck-rescue-machine","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/bRw4pKyZBgxhX7jqhticeL8K/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/img_1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/bRw4pKyZBgxhX7jqhticeL8K/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/img_1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/vehicle/truck/fire-truck-rescue-machine","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":17,"name":".max","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":51,"name":".stl","is_native":false},{"id":2,"name":".3ds","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"vehicle","subcategorySlug":"truck","categoryTitle":"Vehicle","subcategoryTitle":"Truck","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/2021993/1ff12bcbdc/fire-truck-rescue-machine-3d-model-1ff12bcbdc.webp","saleOffDiscount":40,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"premium"}},{"id":"1976763","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":1976763,"title":"Medieval Kingdom - Realtime PBR Village House","price":5.99,"description":"**Medieval Kingdom Building series is a next-gen PBR 3D modular art model which contains extras like props, barrels, vegetation around the building.**\n\n▲ Building part around 10k polys, whole buildings with props around 30k\n▲ Each Custom Material is created to give you a lot of possibilities to change the look.\n▲ Each model comes with with PBR texture structure\n▲ 4k Textures for each material PBR material channel AO, Roughness, Normal Map, Emission Map, Metalic Map\n▲ Fully compatible with Unity3D, UE4 and all moden 3D Softwares and Game Engines.\n▲ Window Shafts, Spark Particles and Chimney Smoke only availbile in Medieval Kingdom Bundle https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior/historic/medieval-kingdom\n▲ Version with LOD's for Game Engines availbile on request for free.\n\nEach element has been carefully crafted with in-game use optimization in mind. 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Due to the nature of these formats there may be some textures that have to be loaded by hand and possibly triangulated geometry.\n\n|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\n\nFor other models be sure to check out our entire catalog on CG Trader!","imageAlt":"Old Fireplace 3D asset","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/fixture/old-fireplace-e30d86e7-7df1-4f29-a2cf-5a9163026e3e","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/ZCsoAHLbRxPa8UTaGiZXuRx3/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/ZCsoAHLbRxPa8UTaGiZXuRx3/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/architectural/fixture/old-fireplace-e30d86e7-7df1-4f29-a2cf-5a9163026e3e","isCgtVerified":true,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":11,"name":".ma","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"architectural","subcategorySlug":"fixture","categoryTitle":"Architectural","subcategoryTitle":"Fixture","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/307337/c2d4392b09/old-fireplace-3d-model-c2d4392b09.webp","saleOffDiscount":50,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"4194826","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":4194826,"title":"Brick Fireplace","price":5.0,"description":"This is a simple Brick Fireplace design for your living room scene of a videogame o another type of scene. the model was created in **Autodesk Maya (2022 version)** an Rendered with **Arnold Render (version 5.2.2)**. \nThe light that is seen inside the fireplace in the images is only to show how it will look with a fire inside it, it is not in the .mb file.\nIf you have any question about this model contact me!\n\nEste es un diseño simple de una chimenea de ladrillos para tu escena de un salon en un videojuego o cualquier otro tipo de escena. El modelo ha sido creado en **Autodesk Maya (version 2022)** y renderizado en **Arnold Render (version 5.2.2)**.\nla luz que se ve en el interior de la chimenea en las imagenes es solamente para mostrar como quedara con un fuego dentro de ella, no esta en el archivo .mb.\nSi tienes alguna duda sobre el modelo contacta conmigo sin problema!","imageAlt":"3D asset Brick Fireplace","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/interior/living-room/brick-fireplace-98d52203-4e80-4fbf-bb41-3936ed21a781","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":true,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/vVgYdhyxAHFVJopHGtWFWAxg/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/Chimney_01.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/vVgYdhyxAHFVJopHGtWFWAxg/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/Chimney_01.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/interior/living-room/brick-fireplace-98d52203-4e80-4fbf-bb41-3936ed21a781","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":11,"name":".ma","is_native":true},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"interior","subcategorySlug":"living-room","categoryTitle":"Interior","subcategoryTitle":"Living Room","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/4194826/da8ed9ef2b/brick-fireplace-3d-model-da8ed9ef2b.webp","saleOffDiscount":50,"eligibleForSubscription":true,"subscriptionSubscribed":true,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":"essentials"}},{"id":"6570316","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":6570316,"title":"150 Classical European Architectural Assets pack Blender 3dsmax","price":32.99,"description":"Explore our impressive collection of 150 realistic facade elements inspired by Neo-Classical and Colonial architecture. 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Best made for designers looking for poly controlled models.\n\n---\n\n#### **Technical Details**  \n- **Polygon Count**: 2558\n- **Vertex Count**: 1490\n- **File Formats**: FBX, OBJ, MTL, GLTF  \n- **Textures**:Textures\n- **Render Engine**: Eevee (Blender)  \n\n---\n\n#### **Features**  \n1. **Rustic Design**: A beautifully crafted medieval cottage reflecting traditional architecture.  \n2. **Low-Poly Optimization**: Lightweight design suitable for games and real-time applications.  \n3. **PBR Texturing**: Includes high-quality materials for realistic surfaces and lighting effects.  \n4. **Game-Ready Asset**: Compatible with Unity, Unreal Engine, and other platforms.  \n5. **Versatility**: Perfect for realistic and stylized medieval environments.  \n6. **Clean Topology**: Efficient modeling ensures smooth performance and easy editing.  \n\n---\n\n#### **Applications**  \n- **Game Development**: Ideal for RPGs, strategy games, and medieval-themed adventures.  \n- **Animation**: Add authenticity to fantasy or historical storylines.  \n- **Virtual Reality (VR)/Augmented Reality (AR)**: Integrate seamlessly into immersive environments.  \n- **Architectural Visualization**: Showcase historical architecture in detailed presentations.  \n\n---\n\n#### **Why Choose This Asset?**  \n- **Rustic Charm**: Captures the authentic look of a medieval countryside cottage.  \n- **Optimized for Performance**: Ensures smooth rendering across platforms.  \n- **Professional Texturing**: PBR textures enhance realism with high-quality details.  \n- **Versatile Design**: Works seamlessly in various 3D projects.  \n- **Dedicated Support**: Reach out for assistance anytime, Inshallah.  \n\n---\n\n#### **What to Do?**  \n- Download this model now and start building captivating medieval worlds.  \n- Don’t forget to leave a like and share your valuable feedback!  \n-Make sure to tell me about any of problems found in my models by you.\n\n---\n","imageAlt":"3D asset medieval house low poly 4","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/free-3d-models/exterior/house/medieval-house-low-poly-village-town-residential-house-66","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/s45fb9mhleb9qgtjb7bl47tndoen/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/medieval-house-low-poly-village-town-residential-house-66-3d-model-415c4e14a1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/s45fb9mhleb9qgtjb7bl47tndoen/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/medieval-house-low-poly-village-town-residential-house-66-3d-model-415c4e14a1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/free-3d-models/exterior/house/medieval-house-low-poly-village-town-residential-house-66","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":117,"name":".gltf","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"exterior","subcategorySlug":"house","categoryTitle":"Exterior","subcategoryTitle":"House","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/6249856/415c4e14a1/medieval-house-low-poly-village-town-residential-house-66-3d-model-415c4e14a1.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"4928752","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":4928752,"title":"architecture two floor house","price":0.0,"description":"This is a high-quality 3D model of a two floor house. The model is made in Blender and is fully textured with PBR materials. It includes all the necessary elements for a realistic scene, such as furniture, food, and plants. The model is also rigged and animated, so you can easily change the pose of the characters or the position of the objects.\n\nThe forest restaurant is located in a clearing in the middle of a lush forest. The building is made of wood and stone, with a thatched roof. The interior is decorated with rustic furniture and accessories. The restaurant has a large dining room, a kitchen, and a bar. There is also a terrace with a view of the forest.\n\nThis model is perfect for use in architectural visualization, game development, or any other project where you need a realistic forest restaurant.\n\nFeatures:\n\nHigh-quality 3D model Fully textured with PBR materials Rigged and animated characters and objects Realistic forest environment Suitable for architectural visualization, game development, and other projects Technical Specifications:\n\nFile format: .blend","imageAlt":"3D asset architecture two floor house","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/free-3d-models/architectural/floor/architecture-two-floor-house","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/yfBwz7ijEZpcHAptGRf5jieX/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/arch%202.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/yfBwz7ijEZpcHAptGRf5jieX/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/arch%202.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/free-3d-models/architectural/floor/architecture-two-floor-house","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":117,"name":".gltf","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"architectural","subcategorySlug":"floor","categoryTitle":"Architectural","subcategoryTitle":"Floor","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/4928752/5e4887ae2b/architecture-two-floor-house-3d-model-5e4887ae2b.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"2630575","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":2630575,"title":"Medieval house","price":0.0,"description":"\u003e Unit system is set to metric.\n\n\u003e Real-worldscale.\n\n\u003e This model is suitable for games\n\n\u003e Textures (Diffuse, Normal Map, Roughness)\n\n\u003e All the models are originally modeled in blender and the .blend format. The origin, rotation and positon are all at 0,0,0. The scale for all object are 1,1,1.\n\n\u003e File formats:\n\n- blend\n\n- fbx\n\n- uasset\n\n- obj\n\n\u003e The file includes 3 objects:\n\n- House\n\n- Door\n\n- Glass\n\n\u003e PBR textures -2K\n\n\u003e Atlas texture - 4K","imageAlt":"3D asset realtime Medieval house","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/free-3d-models/exterior/house/medieval-house-dcf154c0-f7da-465b-a1d6-91d914117b93","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/P7QpSF4yYieooeeTSuKm7erL/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/0001.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/P7QpSF4yYieooeeTSuKm7erL/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/0001.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/free-3d-models/exterior/house/medieval-house-dcf154c0-f7da-465b-a1d6-91d914117b93","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":true,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":96,"name":".uasset","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"exterior","subcategorySlug":"house","categoryTitle":"Exterior","subcategoryTitle":"House","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/2630575/1f8357639f/medieval-house-3d-model-1f8357639f.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"4438773","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":4438773,"title":"Low poly 3D building for games","price":0.0,"description":"This is a low poly building made for people to use in their games to style their games a bit more. I have used this asset for my games and it works amazing and looks very good. It has been tested to make sure it works in games.","imageAlt":"low-poly Low poly 3D building for games","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/free-3d-models/architectural/architectural-street/low-poly-3d-building-for-games","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/6xA9HycrUCP7Dt9Jx3CQWs8Z/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/3DLowpolybuilding.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/6xA9HycrUCP7Dt9Jx3CQWs8Z/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/3DLowpolybuilding.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/free-3d-models/architectural/architectural-street/low-poly-3d-building-for-games","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":false,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"architectural","subcategorySlug":"architectural-street","categoryTitle":"Architectural","subcategoryTitle":"Street","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/4438773/cebc9b2b55/low-poly-3d-building-for-games-3d-model-cebc9b2b55.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}},{"id":"5383902","type":"listingItem","attributes":{"id":5383902,"title":"Medieval Stronghold And Village","price":0.0,"description":"Introducing **Medieval Stronghold And Village**. Designed to cater to the needs of game developers, animators, and 3D artists, this detailed scene offers a rich and vibrant environment that is perfect for a variety of creative projects.\n\n**Key Features:**\n\n- **Intricate Castle Design:** The model features a majestic Stronghold with towering turrets, fortified walls, and a grand entrance. The Stronghold is perched on a hill, providing a commanding view of the surrounding landscape.\n- **Charming Village:** Surrounding the castle is a quaint village with wooden houses, each with unique architectural details. The village includes a variety of building types, such as log cabins and cottages, all designed to create a realistic medieval settlement.\n- **Lush Greenery:** The scene is adorned with lush greenery, including detailed trees and grass. The natural elements are carefully placed to enhance the overall aesthetic and create a harmonious blend with the built environment.\n- **Picturesque Bridge:** A beautifully designed wooden bridge spans the serene waters, adding a touch of tranquility to the scene. The bridge features stone embellishments and wooden railings, enhancing its visual appeal.\n- **High-QualityTextures:** The model comes with Hugh Quality textures, providing exceptional detail and realism. The textures are skillfully crafted to capture the essence of medieval materials, from weathered wood to stone masonry.\n- **Realistic Lighting:** The lighting setup in the model is designed to create a realistic and immersive atmosphere. The interplay of light and shadows brings the scene to life, making it perfect for use in animations and interactive environments.\n- **Authentic Design:** The model showcases classic medieval wooden houses with log construction, a sloped roof, and a charming stone chimney. The intricate details reflect the architectural style of the era, providing an authentic look and feel.\n- **Realistic Proportions:** The house features realistic proportions and dimensions, making it suitable for integration into any medieval environment. The design includes detailed windows, doors, and roof tiles.\n- **Optimized Geometry:** With a balanced polygon count, this model ensures smooth performance without compromising on detail. It is optimized for both high-quality renders and real-time applications.\n\n**Usage:**\n\n_The model is optimized to balance detail and performance, suitable many 3D applications._\n\n- **Game Development:** As a detailed environment asset.\n- **Architectural Visualization:** To showcase Medieval-themed designs.\n- **Animation:** As a setting for storytelling or animated films.\n\n**Statistics:**\n\n**Low-poly**\n\n-     Polygons - 437348\n-     Vertices - 251183\n\n**High-poly**\n\n-     Polygons - 2093837\n-     Vertices - 1059805\n\n_If you have any problem related to the model, feel free to contact us! We try to respond as quickly as possible to resolve your issue on time._","imageAlt":"3D asset animated Medieval Stronghold And Village","url":"https://www.cgtrader.com/free-3d-models/exterior/historic-exterior/medieval-stronghold-and-village","isCLDApplicable":false,"isSaleOffApplicable":false,"gaAttributes":{},"primaryImage":{"gridFallbackUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/QV4hrjTKCjwDXDfMtWEXzLFB/a26e47dab5f2d22c43d6c5ce4b4b46ecc30c70918878397cba1a10c1e35d7bfc/1.jpg","gridUrl":"https://media.cgtrader.com/variants/QV4hrjTKCjwDXDfMtWEXzLFB/78add9c2f02fbd73a43ffb3970be38683c5f15eff6ca849dc78c644f4ff9ce1b/1.webp","isAdultContent":false},"modelInfo":{"modelUrl":"https://www.cgtrader.com/free-3d-models/exterior/historic-exterior/medieval-stronghold-and-village","isCgtVerified":false,"types":{"printReady":false,"animated":true,"pbr":false,"rigged":false,"lowPoly":true}},"metaverseFormatsList":[{"id":21,"name":".blend","is_native":true},{"id":null,"name":null,"is_native":false},{"id":215,"name":".png","is_native":false},{"id":216,"name":".jpg","is_native":false},{"id":25,"name":".dae","is_native":false},{"id":5,"name":".fbx","is_native":false},{"id":12,"name":".obj","is_native":false}],"categorySlug":"exterior","subcategorySlug":"historic-exterior","categoryTitle":"Exterior","subcategoryTitle":"Historic","schemaImageUrl":"https://img-new.cgtrader.com/items/5383902/2c0a5b59e0/medieval-stronghold-and-village-3d-model-2c0a5b59e0.webp","saleOffDiscount":0,"eligibleForSubscription":false,"subscriptionSubscribed":false,"subscriptionPotential":false,"subscriptionTierBand":null}}]},"tag_links":{"header":"Check other trending 3D models","links":[{"title":"Boat 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/boat"},{"title":"Face 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/face"},{"title":"Exterior 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/exterior"},{"title":"Road 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/road"},{"title":"Anime Base 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/anime-base"},{"title":"Spaceship 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/spaceship"},{"title":"Watch 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/watch"},{"title":"Minion 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/minion"},{"title":"Product 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/product"},{"title":"Sofa 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/sofa"},{"title":"Fire 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/fire"},{"title":"Train 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/train"},{"title":"Duck 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/duck"},{"title":"Human 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/human"},{"title":"Sword 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/sword"},{"title":"Door 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/door"},{"title":"Castle 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/castle"},{"title":"Backrooms 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/backrooms"},{"title":"Feather 3D models","link":"https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/feather"}]},"suggested_search":null,"isSimilarSearchPossible":true,"url":"/low-poly-3d-models/chimney?low_poly=1","saveSearchSettings":null,"isSalesBoostEnabled":true,"subscriptionBadgesEnabled":null,"hideSuggestionsSection":null,"is_user_logged_in":false,"should_show_all_items_on_mobile":false}